Objective. To study risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) in women after childbirth. Subjects and methods. Nine hundred and thirty-eight postpartum women aged 20-39 years were examined in the period 2010 to 2012. Group 1 included 204 women with stress UI (a study group). Among the patients with a manifestation of UI, the latter was first noted in 145 (71.1%) of cases after labor; its first symptoms were observed in 59 (28.9%) patients just during pregnancy and remained after childbirth. Group 2 comprised 734 women without impaired urination (a comparison group). All the patients underwent comprehensive stepwise clinical and laboratory examination. Results. In the study group, pelvic floor muscle damage occurred twice more frequently than in the comparison group. Our observation revealed births of a fetus weighing more than 3800 g in 34.8 and 14.3% cases in the study and comparison groups, respectively. Ultrasonography indicated changes in the urethrovesical angle and the length and width of the urethra at the level of the bladder neck. Evaluation of the pelvic floor showed that 53.4% of the study group patients had Stages I-II internal genital prolapse in accordance with the POP-Q classification. Conclusion. Our results suggest that the development of UI is favored by obstetric injuries and episiotomy in both primiparas and secundiparas, which impair the anatomy and function of soft tissues in the maternal passages.