The course of pregnancy was studied in 192 women to elucidate the impact of smoking on the course of gestation and fetal and neonatal status. All the pregnant women were divided into 3 groups: 1) smokers during pregnancy; 2) those who had stopped smoking at the onset of pregnancy; 3) non-smokers (a control group). Physical examination, ultrasound fetoplacentometry, Doppler study, cardiotocography, and external respiratory function determination ascertained that the smoking patients formed a group at risk for placental insufficiency, the risk for which was higher if there were signs of impaired bronchial patency.