There is now a steady increase in the incidence of head and neck cancer worldwide. 600 thousand new cases of head and neck cancer are registered in the world every year; 37 thousand within that are associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV).
OBJECTIVE
To assess the dynamics of the head and neck cancer incidence in the Russian population over a long-term period (2007—2018); to calculate the generalized average annual incidence of potentially HPV-associated head and neck lesions in Russia and to propose possible measures for their prevention.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The methods of retrospective epidemiological analysis of morbidity were used. When calculating the increase/decrease, the dynamic series was aligned using the least squares method.
RESULTS
The incidence rates of head and neck cancer among the entire population of Russia for the specified period tended to grow. The incidence rate of cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx increased from 6.4 to 6.80/0000 (average annual growth rate — +0.4%). The incidence rate of laryngeal cancer decreased from 3.1 to 2.90/0000 (average annual rate of decline — 0.9%). The mortality rate from cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx among the general population increased from 3.9 to 4.10/0000 (average annual growth rate — +0.3%), while mortality from cancer of the larynx decreased from 2.2 to 1.60/0000 (average annual rate of decline — 2.9%). The average annual incidence of HPV-associated cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx for the period under review among the entire population was 1.20/0000, and for cancer of the larynx — 0.10/0000. The pooled average annual incidence of HPV-associated head and neck cancer for the period under review among the population of both sexes was 1.40/0000.
CONCLUSION
In Russia, there is an increase in the incidence of potentially HPV-associated malignant neoplasms of the head and neck among the entire population, in the absence of dynamics towards a decrease in mortality from these diseases. Pharyngeal cancer has the largest share in the structure of HPV-associated pathology in the head and neck region, which determines the main directions of prevention of these lesions.
