Immunology of the cervix in normal and pathological conditions (literature review)

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OBJECTIVE

To determine the current state of the issue of changes in the immune system of the cervix in norm and pathology.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

To prepare the work, publications presented in the public domain in the databases elibrary.ru, PubMed, Russian and foreign specialized journals on obstetrics and gynecology, immunology, textbooks were used. The predominant publication period is from 2016 to 2023.

RESULTS

The immune system of the cervix is characterized by continuous work on the formation of new cells with the production of immunoglobulins, enzymes and cytokines under the influence of bacteria, viruses and fungi. In sluggish chronic non-specific cervicitis, a violation of the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines with an increase in the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, TNF-α was revealed. The authors-researchers note that in cervical neoplasia of grades II-III, CD4 and CD8 cells, T-lymphocytes are activated. In cervical cancer, there is a decrease in the indicators of the cellular link of immunity (T-lymphocytes, T-active, NK) and the functional activity of T- and B-lymphocytes.

CONCLUSION

Knowledge of the mechanisms of the immune system of the cervix in conditions of tumor transformation can improve the effectiveness of measures not only in matters of vaccination, but also in matters of secondary cancer prevention.

Keywords:

immune system

cervix

human papillomavirus

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

cancer

cervix

local immunity

Authors:

Rosyuk E.A.

Ural State Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0003-1303-3955

Received:

30.06.2023

Accepted:

27.09.2023

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