Hyperglycemia at the 1-hour point of the glucose tolerance test is a predictor of type 2 diabetes. The influence of pathology in the development of atherosclerosis is discussed. Prospective observations in this category will allow to stratify patients who require early preventive therapy, to clarify the algorithm for the required screening.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the effect of lipid metabolism disorders, early postprandial hyperglycemia on the incidence of initial atherosclerosis in young men, initially and based on the results of prospective observation.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

In the hospital therapy clinic of the Military Medical Academy, a prospective study was conducted with the participation of 126 men. Patients after the primary glucose tolerance test were divided into 2 groups: 1^st group — 60 men with a glycemic level of 8.6 mmol/l and above 1 hour after the test; 2^nd group — 66 men with normal 1-hour glycemia. All examined patients underwent an assessment of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, ultrasound examination of the heart, carotid arteries at baseline and in dynamics.

RESULTS

Initially, in group 1 compared with group 2, the frequency of dyslipidemia was 47% versus 27% (χ²=5.9; p=0.015), metabolic syndrome 51% versus 23% (χ²=11.6; p<0.001), prediabetes 17% versus 10%. On repeated examination, dyslipidemia was also detected in men of the 1^st group more often than in the 2^nd group — 68% versus 42% (χ²=9.2; p=0.002); metabolic syndrome — 42% versus 24% (χ²=4.4; p=0.036); prediabetes — 30% versus 10% (χ²=7.4; p=0.006); type 2 diabetes mellitus was observed in 9 and 4 patients, respectively (p=0.01). Initially, atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries was detected in 34 and 25%; following supervision results — in 54 and 42% in the 1^st and 2^nd groups, respectively (p=0.05).

CONCLUSION

The presence of 1-hour hyperglycemia is an early marker of the development of atherosclerosis, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and therefore this indicator should be assessed in clinical practice regularly.