Lipid metabolic parameters at the population level are important in assessing the control and prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. Objective — to investigate the prevalence of lipid metabolic disturbances among the urban and rural population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and also to reveal the possible association with sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Material and methods. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was studied in the framework of the epidemiological study ESSE-RF. The analysis included 1603 people aged 25—64 years, who had been selected by random sampling among the urban and rural populations of Krasnoyarsk Territory. Statistical processing was performed using the programs IBM SPSS v. 22 and LibreOffice v. 5. Results. The mean hypercholesterolemia (HC) prevalence rate estimated by the level of total cholesterol at the examination and in the use of lipid-lowering drugs was 59.7±2.5%; this was higher in women (66.6±3.1%) than in men (49.2±4.0%) (p<0.001). The prevalence of HC significantly increased with increasing age. Urban versus rural dwellers had higher HC (62.7±2.9 and 51.6±4.9%) (p<0.001). The overall prevalence of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 56.3±2.5%. Elevated LDL-C levels were more frequently noted in men. Lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C was more common in rural dwellers than in urban ones (27.4±4.3% and 14.1±2.1%; p<0.001). The detection rate of hypertriglyceridemia (HT) was higher in men than in women (29.0±3.6% and 22.8±2.1%; p<0.001). Conclusion. The prevalence of HC in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (with consideration for those successfully taking statins) was 59.7±2.5%, which was comparable with the mean Russian indicators (according to the data of the ESSE-RF study). Regression analysis revealed a significant impact of gender on a change in all lipid fractions, except HDL-C; that of age on all types of dyslipidemia, except HDL-C; that of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity on a reduction in HDL-C; that of abdominal obesity on a decrease in HDL-C and on an increase in triglycerides.