Objective. To examine the characteristics and relationships of insulin, steroid hormones, sex hormone-binding β-globulin, parameters of lipid metabolism and glucose in different groups of the male population of reproductive age in the Arctic region. Material and methods. 131 men aged 22—50 years among aboriginal population (nomadic — NA and settled — SA) and the local Russian (LR) living in the Arctic regions were examined in the winter-spring period. Serum levels of hormones and lipid metabolism parameters, body mass index (BMI) were measured. Results. Men with overweight and obesity among LR (41.5, 14.7 and 9.2%) and SA (35.5, 3.4 and 15.3%) relative to NA (27.6, 20.7 and 3.0%) had significantly decreased testosterone (p=0.0034; p<0.001) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (p=0.022) levels and trend to the decreased estradiol and sex hormone-binding β-globulin levels. Detected changes were accompanied by a violation of anti-atherogenic defense (54.40, 50.0 and 20.7%), increasing activity of cholesterol etherification (42.6, 44.1 and 69.2%), and change of apolipoproteins level toward apolipoprotein-B (34.1, 27.6 and 43.4%), which was more pronounced in LR and SA.  Conclusion. SA and LR male population with increased BMI and obesity have decreased testosterone, SHBG and estradiol production which is associated with a violation of lipid transport system. At the same time revealed features were less pronounced in SA thanks to a compensatory increase in free testosterone level.