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Smirnov V.V.

Institute of Immunology;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Turenko V.N.

Institute of Immunology;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Bagaev D.E.

Institute of Immunology;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Temnova V.V.

Institute of Immunology

Khodzhava M.V.

Institute of Immunology

Immunogenicity of botulinum toxin products: the emergence of resistance and ways to overcome it

Authors:

Smirnov V.V., Turenko V.N., Bagaev D.E., Temnova V.V., Khodzhava M.V.

More about the authors

Journal: Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine. 2025;(1): 125‑134

DOI: 10.17116/plast.hirurgia2025011125

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Table of contents

IMMUNOGENICITY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN PRODUCTS: THE EMERGENCE OF RESISTANCE AND WAYS TO OVERCOME IT
IMMUNOGENICITY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN PRODUCTS: THE EMERGENCE OF RESISTANCE AND WAYS TO OVERCOME IT

To cite this article:

Smirnov VV, Turenko VN, Bagaev DE, Temnova VV, Khodzhava MV. Immunogenicity of botulinum toxin products: the emergence of resistance and ways to overcome it. Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine. 2025;(1):125‑134. (In Russ., In Engl.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/plast.hirurgia2025011125

 
Подписка 2025-2 (Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine)
 
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The paper presents a comprehensive view on the immunogenicity of botulinum toxin A products, analyzes the main causes of the immune response, its enhancing factors, and the further impact on the effectiveness of therapy. The overall statistics of resistance to various products both in clinical practice and when used in cosmetology are presented. The relationships between the composition of botulinum toxin A products, their immunogenicity, and the incidence of botulinum toxin resistance are evaluated; the main ways of overcoming it and minimizing the production of neutralizing antibodies are shown.

Keywords:

botulinum toxin A
botulinum therapy
immunogenicity
neutralizing antibodies
therapy non-responsiveness

Authors:

Smirnov V.V.

Institute of Immunology;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Turenko V.N.

Institute of Immunology;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Bagaev D.E.

Institute of Immunology;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Temnova V.V.

Institute of Immunology

Khodzhava M.V.

Institute of Immunology

Received:

22.12.2024

Accepted:

20.01.2025

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