Overview of modern materials used to cover wound surfaces

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The speed of wound healing, as well as various aspects of this process (morphophysiological, aesthetic, etc.) are of great importance for the clinic. Knowledge of the stages of wound healing and the possibilities of alleviating some (for example, the stage of inflammation) and accelerating others (for example, the stage of remodeling) are fundamental for selection of material and development of wound coverage and, accordingly, for the choice of type of coating depending on the wound. The review describes the basic materials used for the production of various wound dressings, as well as the most common substances used as “preload” to facilitate healing. At present, finely porous coatings based on hydrogels made from hyaluronic acid and loaded with zinc are widely used, which increases their absorption and antimicrobial properties. In addition, spongy coatings (especially based on collagen and gelatin) are widely used, which due to their structure provide increased aeration of the wound in comparison with other coatings and promote cell adhesion to the wound area, the functioning, migration and proliferation of fibroblasts. There is an active development of double coatings, since in the treatment of chronic wounds a separate restoration of the subdermal, dermal and epithelial layers is recommended. Their inner layer is a hydrogel or hydrocolloid base, and the outer layer is a film or sponge portion containing the necessary «preloading» substances

Keywords:

wound dressings

hydrogel coatings

spongy coatings

hyaluronic acid

collagen

Authors:

Kashtanov A.D.

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia

ORCID: 0000-0002-9648-1720

Vasilyev Yu.L.

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

Bayrashevskaya A.V.

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia

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