Relevance. Current data on the prevalence of chronic purulent hydradenitis (PH) among the population in the Russian Federation and countries around the world are contradictory. In America and Europe, the share of PH in the structure of diseases is 0.05% and 4.1%, respectively. The incidence of PH is caused by both social and biomedical factors. Their interaction is crucial for the epidemiological process. The study of PH epidemiology and risk factors is necessary for the development of rational therapy and methods for the prevention of this disease. Study purpose — analysis of the complex effect of socio-hygienic, behavioral and medical-organizational risk factors that affect the incidence of PH. Methods. At the first stage of the study, a retrospective analysis of the incidence of PH in Moscow was carried out according to the statistical reporting forms FSN No. 12 for 2014—2017. The results, the quality of treatment, and the reactions of the doctors were evaluated using an anonymous questionnaire consisting of 12 questions for specialist (n=88). At the second stage, to identify risk factors affecting the incidence of PH, a survey of 98 respondents aged 18 to 66 years inclusive was conducted, as well as data from 98 cards of patients who received inpatient and outpatient treatment at Moscow State Clinical Hospital named after V.V. Veresaev for 2014—2017. For this study, the group was formed by typological and random sampling. Results. The primary incidence of PH in Moscow in 2014—2017 amounted to 0.45 cases per 100 thousand people. High risk factors for the development of PH were metabolic syndrome, smoking, and occupational hazards. It was revealed that during primary treatment, about 80% of patients with PH seek surgical help. Conclusion. PH incidence rates in Moscow are similar to those in other countries of the world. The leading risk factors for PH include metabolic syndrome, smoking, and occupation.