Objectives. To compare the results of laparoscopic and open heminephrectomy for kidneys duplication in children. Materials and methods. 42 patients underwent laparoscopic heminephrectomy and 20 patients underwent open heminephrectomy for non-functioning kidney moiety. Transperitoneal access with 3-4 trocars was used in the first group. Retrospective analysis of demographic, intra- and postoperative parameters, developed complications was performed. Results: The mean operative duration was 127 minutes (90-205) and 120 minutes (100-219) in laparoscopic and open surgery groups, respectively. There were not intraoperative complications and need for conversion in laparoscopic group. Two children required additional surgery for perirenal cyst and ureteric stump inflammation. Hemotransfusion after open surgery was performed in 2 cases. Complications included pleural sine laceration and complete function loss of remaining moiety. The mean hospital stay was 7.2 days (5-12) and 11.5 days (8-17) in laparoscopic and open surgery groups, respectively. Conclusions: Laparoscopic transperitoneal heminephrectomy can be successfully used in children. Duration of laparoscopic and open interventions is comparable. But hospital stay is less in case of laparoscopic interventions.