This review was aimed to review literature data on diagnostic methods in lymphedema of lower limbs. The persisting pessimistic view on the futility of lymphedema treatment is not definitively substantiated and arises in the first place from the lack of information about the possibilities to use the modern methods for diagnostics and correction of the peripheral lymphatic drainage disorders. The choice of the rational diagnostic strategies is of paramount importance in patients suffering from lower limbs lymphedema. The analysis of the literature data has demonstrated the primary importance of the application of the general clinical methods for the examination of the patients with the special emphasis on the minimally invasive and functional techniques for the evaluation of the state of the lymphatic system. They include ultrasonography, CT, MRI, thermography, and volumetry as well as the functional tests. At the same time, the results obtained by these methods mainly describe only secondary changes of impaired lymph drainage. The potential of the minimally invasive diagnostic techniques should be rationally combined with the sufficiently high level of reliability of information they yield. Of all the currently available methods for the direct evaluation of the resorptive and transport functions of the lymph drainage, it is enough, at the first stage, to apply chromolymphography with the use of modern vital dyes and registration techniques. The optimal option is to use lymphoscintigraphy. Radiographic contrast lymphography is indicated in the cases when the comprehensive assessment of the state of the lymphatic vessels is necessary to determine the further treatment strategy. A promising direction of further investigations is the combination of the methods for direct contrast enhancement of the lymphatic vessels with the non-invasive imaging technique. The methods for indirect computer lymphography, magnetic resonance lymphography and others are being introduced in the clinical practice. The acquisition and accumulation of the experience in the application of modern visualization methods with contrast enhancement techniques and computer modeling would greatly contribute to the improvement of the identification and treatment of the patients with lower limbs lymphedema.