Venous thromboembolism is a common complication of canc in the patients presenting with this condition is often associati hemorrhage. Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of a new oral anticoagulant thrapy of venous thrombosis in cancer patients. Material and methods. The authors present results of the treatment of 105 patients at the age from 25 to 71 (average 63±10) years presenting with deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs and oncological pathology. This prospective study included 36 (34.3%) women and 69 (65.7%) men. Nine (8,6%) patients had venous thrombosis of lower limbs aggravated by thromboembolosm of the pulmonary artery. The treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTO) was initiated using nadroparin calcium (low molecular weight heparin, LMWH) in the therapeutic doses followed by the trasition to oral intake of dabigatran (150 mg twice daily). The period of observation was 18 months. The frequency of VTO relapses was considered to be the criterion for the effectiveness of therapy and the occurrence of hemorrhagic complications the criterion for its safety. In addition, characteristics of the blood coagulation system were evaluated before as well as 1 and 3 months afte anticoagulation therapy. Results. After two months of dabigatran therapy 2 (1.9%) patients experienced a relapse of venous thromboembolism, 9 (8.6%) developed hemorrhagic compications, 4 (3.8%) patients presented with gingival hemorrhage, 2 (1.9%) had hematuria, and 2 (1.9%) patients had blood in the stool. One (1%) patient suffered from skin rash with a hemorrhagic component. By the 4th month after of  the anticoagulation treatment, a decrease in the levels of thrombinemia markers was observed, but the remaining parameters failed to be normalized. Conclusion. The results of this study give of the effectiveness and safery of dabigatran therapy during the entire period of the treatment that is not associated with the enhanced risk of  hemorrhage complications. The benefits of dabigatran therapy prescribed to the oncological patients include the fixed dose of the medication, the independence of its efficiency from the antithmbin level, the absence of its influence on the number of platelets, and the short biological half-life.