Topical issues of diagnosis and treatment of acute malignant large bowel obstruction

Gugnin A.V.; Bagateliya Z.A.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/dokgastro2020902156

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Abstract:

Aim. To analyze information about the diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute malignant large bowel obstruction. Key points. Colorectal cancer (CRC) in developed countries is one of the most common malignant tumors and the third most common cancer worldwide. Surgical interventions performed in patients with complicated CRC, in particular with acute large bowel obstruction, are characterized by high rates of postoperative complications and mortality — up to 7.6—35%. A report by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network noted an increase in postoperative mortality in complicated colon cancer. High-tech medical care and minimally invasive procedures in patients with large bowel obstruction make it possible to relatively safely decompress the bowel, shorten in-patient treatment, rehabilitation, and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. Stenting performed with tumor stenosis ensures a satisfactory quality of life for the patient both in the short and long-term and also reduces the treatment costs. In all analyzed literature sources, the authors considered various options for surgical tactics in patients with complicated CRC. However, determining the scope and method of surgical intervention, as well as options for completing the operation, requires further scientific research and exploring the possibilities for implementing new ways to solve this problem. Conclusion. An analysis of the literature showed that the professional community is waiting for convincing evidence of the benefits of two-stage tactics of treating patients with acute malignant large bowel obstruction versus other treatment tactics.

Keywords:

complication

colorectal cancer

surgical tactics

stenting

Authors:

Gugnin A.V.

S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia

Bagateliya Z.A.

S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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References:

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