Objective: to characterize the morphological features of inflammation and the degree of myeloperoxidase expression in the lung of patients who died from HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB). Material and methods. Autopsy lung tissue specimens from 229 patients with HIV-associated TB were examined. A comparison group consisted of dead TB mono-infected patients (n=30). Dead HIV/TB co-infected patients were divided into subgroups: 1) 50 patients with Stage 4A—4B and a CD4+-lymphocyte count of more than 200 cells/µl; 2) 54 with Stage 4B—4C and a CD4+-lymphocyte count of 100 to 200 cells/µl; 3) 125 with Stage 4C—5 and a CD4+- lymphocyte count of less than 100 cells/µl. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations of lung slices were performed using antibodies to myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results. The predominant types of an inflammatory response were revealed according to the level of CD4+ lymphocytes. The lungs in Subgroup 1 showed a predominant typical granulomatous response (82%). Subgroup 2 exhibited an exudative-productive inflammatory response (57.4%) while Subgroup 3 displayed an alterative necrotic type (92.8%). Subgroup 3 showed the most marked reduction in lymphocyte numbers in the areas of inflammation, which was accompanied by a significant increase in the relative density and other morphometric parameters of MPO-positive macrophages and granulocytes in the inflammatory infiltration zones and alveolar walls. Conclusion. The identified changes in the lungs suggest that there is a decline in the magnitude of a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, a progression of alterative necrotic processes as CD4+ lymphocytes decrease in the systemic blood flow, and an increase in the proportion of functionally immature macrophages in the areas of inflammation, which reflects a substantially impaired local immune response to the persistence of M. tuberculosis in HIV infection.