Objective. To compare behavioral patterns of rats with experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD), acute cerebral ischemia (ACI) and a combination of these pathologies. Material and methods. The study included 70 male Wistar rats (weight 250—300 g) divided into 5 groups. ECOPD was modeled by a combination of inducers (purified papain and bacterial lipopolysaccharide), and ACI by a single-stage bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries. The neurological status was assessed with NSS, and the behavioral status was assessed using the battery of tests including «open field», «radial eight-arm labyrinth», «O-shaped elevated labyrinth». Results and conclusion. With the combination of ECOPD and ACI, a minimal (20%) survival rate of animals and the maximum severity of neurological and behavioral disorders, were recorded. The latter were characterized by a sharp restriction of locomotor and research activity, spatial memory, high anxiety and increasing autonomic imbalance. Survival rate of rats with isolated ACI was 35%, and disturbances of their neurological and behavioral status were moderately expressed. In rats with isolated ECOPD, the neurological deficit was mild. Behavioral disorders were manifested by a moderate limitation of locomotor function, a slight increase in anxiety with preserved research activity and spatial memory. The results of the study indicate the relevance of the respiratory and cerebrovascular comorbidity model for assessing changes in physiological functions and their subsequent correction.