
Аневризматическое субарахноидальное кровоизлияние
Журнал: Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски. 2026;126(8-2):28-36.
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202612608228
Прочитано: 68 раз
Резюме
Аневризматическое субарахноидальное кровоизлияние (САК) представляет собой одну из наиболее тяжелых острых цереброваскулярных патологий, которая характеризуется высокой летальностью, инвалидизацией и значительным социально-экономическим бременем. Наиболее уязвимыми группами являются женщины старше 55 лет и пациенты с артериальной гипертензией, наследственной предрасположенностью, врожденными сосудистыми патологиями и курением в анамнезе. Настоящая статья обобщает современные данные по эпидемиологии, факторам риска, патогенезу, клинической картине и диагностике аневризматического САК. Особое внимание уделено механизмам раннего повреждения головного мозга и отсроченной церебральной ишемии — ключевым факторам, определяющим исход заболевания. Подробно рассматриваются современные лечебные подходы, включая микрохирургическое клипирование и эндоваскулярную эмболизацию, показания к ним, их эффективность и риски. Подчеркнута значимость ранней диагностики, специализированного подхода и ведения пациентов в нейрососудистых центрах. Обсуждается системность, многоэтапность и междисциплинарность при подходе пациентов с аСАК, позволяет улучшить выживаемость и функциональные результаты и снизить риск повторного кровоизлияния и тяжелых неврологических последствий.
Ключевые слова
- субарахноидальное кровоизлияние
- разрыв мозговых аневризм
- геморрагический инсульт
- факторы риска
Дата поступления: 22.12.2025
Дата принятия в печать: 03.05.2026
Дата публикации: 04.09.2026
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