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Avetisov S.E.

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Disease;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Surnina Z.V.

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

Confocal microscopy of the corneal nerve fibers

Authors:

Avetisov S.E., Surnina Z.V.

More about the authors

Journal: Russian Annals of Ophthalmology. 2023;139(3‑2): 38‑45

DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202313903238

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Table of contents

CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY OF THE CORNEAL NERVE FIBERS
CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY OF THE CORNEAL NERVE FIBERS

To cite this article:

Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV. Confocal microscopy of the corneal nerve fibers. Russian Annals of Ophthalmology. 2023;139(3‑2):38‑45. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202313903238

Подписка 2026 Вестник офтальмологии (Russian Annals of Ophthalmology)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
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Abstract:

This article presents the results of confocal microscopy of the corneal nerve fibers (CNF). The transparency of the cornea provides a unique potential for in vivo visualization of thin unmyelinated nerve fibers at the level close to morphological study. Modern software eliminates the need for manual tracing of the confocal image fragments, allows objectifying the process of assessment of CNF structure based on quantitative indicators characterizing the length, density and tortuosity of the main nerve trunks. Clinical application of structural analysis of the CNF has two potential directions associated with immediate tasks of ophthalmology, as well as with interdisciplinary affairs. In terms of ophthalmology, this primarily concerns various surgical interventions potentially affecting the state of the cornea, and chronic pathological processes in the cornea of different nature. Such studies could analyze the degree of changes in the CNF, or the particularities of corneal reinnervation. The potential for interdisciplinary studies lies in using CNF as biomarkers of systemic polyneuropathies. Relative simplicity, high level of direct visualization of the thin nerve fibers, and the obtained results allow recommending corneal confocal microscopy as a tool for primary screening and consequent monitoring of neuropathies in addition to the conventional methods.

Keywords:

corneal nerve fibers
corneal confocal microscopy
changes in corneal nerve fibers
polyneuropathy

Authors:

Avetisov S.E.

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Disease;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Surnina Z.V.

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

Received:

07.03.2023

Accepted:

09.03.2023

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References:

  1. Avetisov SE, Chernenkova NA, Surnina ZV. Anatomical and functional features and methods for studying the nerve fibers of the cornea. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2018;134(6):102-106. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2018134061102
  2. Surnina ZV. Methods and clinical significance of assessing the condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2021;137(2):108-113. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2021137021108
  3. Surnina ZV. Possibilities of light and laser biomicroscopy of corneal nerves in the early diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2015; 131(1):104-108. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma20151311104-108
  4. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Novikov IA, Chernenkova NA, Tyurina AA. Influence of the tear film on the results of direct assessment of corneal sensitivity. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2020;136(2):81-85. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202013602181
  5. Avetisov SE, Novikov IA, Makhotin SS, Surnina ZV. A new principle of morphometric study of corneal nerve fibers based on confocal biomicroscopy in diabetes mellitus. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2015;131(4):5-14. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma201513145-14
  6. Avetisov SE, Novikov IA, Maxotin SS, Surnina ZV. Calculation of coefficients of anisotropy and symmetry of corneal nerve directionality based on automated recognition of digital confocal images. Meditsinskaya tekhnika. 2015;3(291):23-25. (In Russ.).
  7. Avetisov SE, Novikov IA, Mahotin SS, Surnina ZV. Calculation of anisotropy and symmetry coefficients of corneal nerve orientation based on automated recognition of digital confocal images. Biomedical Engineering. 2015; 49(3):155-159. 
  8. Krakhmaleva DA, Surnina ZV, Malozhen SA, Gamidov AA. Histomorphological picture of the cornea according to laser confocal microscopy during keratoplasty. Medical Council. 2021;21(2):110-117. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-21-2-110-117
  9. Surnina ZV, Averich VV. Quantification of structural changes in the cornea on the background of long-term wearing of contact lenses according to the results of confocal microscopy. Medical Council. 2023;17(3):6-11. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2022-027
  10. Tyurina AA, Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Sukhanova EV. Changes in the nerve fibers of the cornea after laser keratorefractive correction of myopia. Sovremennye tekhnologii v oftal’mologii. 2020;4(35):110-111. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2020-4-110-111
  11. Avetisov SE, Tyurina AA, Surnina ZV. The condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea after laser keratorefractive surgery. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2019; 135(1):112-116. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2019135011112
  12. Surnina ZV, Andreev AYu, Sharnina DA, Yusef SN. The structure of nerve fibers after various variants of corneal transplantation. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 138(5-2):260-265. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2022138052260
  13. Avetisov SE, Bubnova IA, Surnina ZV, Averich VV, Sarkisova KG. Changes in the structure of the cornea after the use of corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconus. Medical Council. 2022;16(6):226-233. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-6-226-233
  14. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Avetisov KS, Ndari M, Georgiev O, Lutskan IP. The condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea after extracapsular cataract extraction. Yakutskij meditsinskij zhurnal. 2022;4(80):30-32. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25789/YMJ.2022.80.08
  15. Avetisov KS, Yusef Yu N, Surnina ZV, Avetisov SE, Ndari M. The condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea after microinvasive phacosurgery. Sovremennye tekhnologii v oftal’mologii. 2020;4(35):365-366. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2020-4-365-366
  16. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Avetisov KS, Ndari M. Influence of phacosurgery on the condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2020; 136(5):283-288 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2020136052283
  17. Avetisov KS, Yusef NYu, Surnina ZV, Avetisov SE, Ndari M. Changes in corneal nerve fibers after microinvasive phacosurgery (preliminary report). Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2020;136(2):6-12. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma20201360216
  18. Strahov VV, Surnina ZV, Malahova AI, Klimova ON, Popova AA. Degenerative changes in the corneal nerve fiber layer in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Natsional’nyj zhurnal glaukoma. 2017;16(4):52-68. (In Russ.).
  19. Popova AA, Strakhov VV, Murashov AA, Shirina NYu, Surnina ZV, Malakhova AI, Klimova ON. Quantitative characterization of Langerhans cells in the corneal nerve fiber layer in primary open-angle glaucoma. Natsional’nyj zhurnal glaukoma. 2019;18(2):47-59. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25700/NJG.2019.02.06
  20. Erichev VP, Surnina ZV, Abdullaeva EKh. The condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea in patients with glaucoma who have had a coronavirus infection. Natsional’nyj zhurnal glaukoma. 2021;20(4):17-25. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2021-20-4-17-25
  21. Surnina ZV, Karpilova MA. Course and structure of corneal nerve fibers in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Natsional’nyj zhurnal glaukoma. 2022;21(3):11-17. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2022-21-3-11-16
  22. Sdobnikova SV, Troitskaya NA, Surnina ZV, Pateyuk LS. General and ophthalmic manifestations of herpesvirus infections. Oftal`mologiya. 2016;13(4): 228-234. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2016-4-228-234
  23. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV. Possibilities of laser confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of recurrent corneal erosion, inflammatory eye diseases and diabetic polyneuropathy. Tochka zreniya. Vostok — Zapad. 2017;1:10-13. (In Russ.).
  24. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Troitskaya NA, Pateyuk LS, Velieva IA, Gamidov AA, Sidamonidze AL. Results of laser confocal microscopy of the cornea in viral uveitis (preliminary report). Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2019;135(1):53-58. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma201913501153
  25. Surnina ZV, Avetisov SE. Possibilities of X-ray diffraction analysis of glucose in tears and confocal microscopy of the cornea in the early diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy. Sovremennye tekhnologii v oftal’mologii. 2016;4:228-231. (In Russ.).
  26. Avetisov SE, Chernenkova NA, Surnina ZV. Clinical features and diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2017;133(5):98-102. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2017133598-102
  27. Avetisov SE, Chernenkova NA, Surnina ZV, Fokina AS. Automated morphometric analysis of the state of corneal nerves based on the method of confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy (preliminary report). Tochka zreniya. Vostok — Zapad. 2019;1:9-11. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25276/2410-1257-2019-1-9-11
  28. Avetisov SE, Chernenkova NA, Surnina ZV, Akhmedzhanova LT, Fokina AS, Strokov IA. Diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy based on the study of nerve fibers of the cornea. Tochka zreniya. Vostok — Zapad. 2020;3:16-18. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25276/2410-1257-2020-3-16-18
  29. Fokina AS, Zilov AV, Strokov IA, Demura TA, Surnina ZV, Fadeev VV. Analysis of the effect of long-term normalization of glycemic control on the course of subclinical diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. RMZh. 2022;30(3):28-33. (In Russ.).
  30. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Zinovyeva OE, Safiulina EI, Shcheglova NS, Nosovsky AM. The condition of the nerve fibers of the cornea in systemic amyloidosis. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2021;137(5-2):231-237. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2021137052231
  31. Zinovyeva OE, Safiulina EI, Shcheglova NS, Surnina ZV, Nosovsky AM. Issues in the diagnosis of peripheral amyloid neuropathy. Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2021;13(5):56-61. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2021-5-56-61
  32. Safiulina EI, Zinovieva OE, Shcheglova NS, Rameev VV, Surnina ZV, Nikitina EN, Vorobieva OA. Leptomeningeal amyloidosis: features of the clinical picture (clinical observation). Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2022;14(6):67-72. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2022-6-67-72
  33. Zinovyeva OE, Safiulina EI, Sheglova NS, Rameyev VV, Surnina ZV, Stepanova EA, Gordeyeva EM. Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a new identified amyloid gene mutation. Effektivnaya farmakoterapiya. 2019;15(14): 12-17. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33978/2307-3586-2019-15-14-12-17
  34. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV, Akhmedzhanova LT, Georgiev S. First results of clinical and diagnostic analysis of post-covid peripheral neuropathy. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2021;137(4):58-64. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202113704158
  35. Avetisov SE, Illarioshkin SN, Surnina ZV, Georgiev S, Moskalenko AN. Possibilities of neuroimaging markers in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Yakutskij meditsinskij zhurnal. 2022;2(78):92-95. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25789/YMJ.2022.77.24
  36. Avetisov SE, Surnina ZV. Changes in the nerve fibers of the cornea in Parkinson’s disease. Tochka zreniya. Vostok — Zapad. 2021;1:17-20. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25276/2410-1257-2021-1-17-20
  37. Avetisov SE, Karabanov AV, Surnina ZV, Gamidov AA. Changes in the nerve fibers of the cornea in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease according to laser confocal microscopy (preliminary report). Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2020; 136(5):191-196. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/191-196.10.17116/oftalma2020136052191
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