Tissue remodeling under pathological conditions is stable morphological and functional rebuilding that correlates closely with the state of mucosa. This concept is used in many areas of medicine though hardly employed in dentistry. The paper presents histological and immunohystochemical data confirming tissue remodeling and the role of immunocells in periodontal disease. Tissue remodeling in chronic inflammatory periodontal lesions corresponds to the degree of the clinical manifestation, and consist at least of: i) alteration of gingival epithelial cells regeneration and differentiation due to changes in cell-mediated local adaptive immune response; ii) active accumulation of lymphocytes subpopulations and dendritic cells in the subepithelial compartment; iii) and progressive bone destruction associated with osteoimmunological interactions. The introduction of remodeling concept and further researches in this area with subsequent application in dental practice might advance treatment approaches to chronic periodontal disease.