Introduction. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease that affects all segments of the population. Chronic rhinosinusitis can occur either with or without nasal polyps. Much attention has been paid to the immunological aspects of the development of chronic rhinosinusitis and in particular to the role of cytokines. Purpose of the study — analysis of IL1β, IL5 and TNFα gene polymorphism’s association with the risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis. Material and methods. 100 patients with chronic heart disease and 100 members of the control group were examined. Venous blood was collected, genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted, and precipitation with 96% ethanol (–20 °C) was performed. The extract was dried, dissolved in TE buffer, frozen, and stored at –20 °C. Next, the DNA fragments were separated by electrophoresis, after which the gels were stained with ethidium bromide and viewed under ultraviolet light. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10 software package. The differences were considered statistically significant if p<0.05. Results. When comparing the frequencies of the alleles and genotypes of polymorphisms of the -308 G/A TNF-α, -511 C/T IL1-β and -703C/T IL-5 genes, no statistically significant differences were observed. When studying the frequency distribution of genotypes of polymorphic variants of the studied genes in a group of patients with CRS, and in healthy women and healthy men, we discovered a sexual dimorphism: carrying the C/T genotype of the IL1-β gene is associated with an increased risk of CRS development in women.