The role of cytokines in the diagnostics of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

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At present, more than 50% of the inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract occur in the patients suffering from immune deficiency. In these cases, the disease is characterized by the non-typical clinical picture and occurs as a long-term latent condition with the multiple recurrences because the protective mechanisms do not work due to their functional failure. The predictors of such clinical course are the disturbances of the mechanisms of congenital and adaptive immunity, in particular, irregularities in the multi-cytokine receptor system. This article was designed to analyze the results of the original researches and overview the literature publications pertaining to the problem of interest. It was shown that the results of the evaluation of the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract create good prospects for their further application for the purpose of cytokine/anti-cytokine therapy. Conclusion: the study of the cytokine profile provides information about the functional activity of different types of immune cells, the severity of the inflammatory process and its transition to the systemic level, and the prediction of the relationship between the processes of activation of Th-1 and Th-2 helpers, which is of paramount importance for the differential diagnostics of various inflammatory and immunopathological events in the upper respiratory tract.

Keywords:

cytokines

rhinosinusitis

adenoids

tonsillitis

diagnostics

Authors:

Stagnieva I.V.

Kafedra bolezneĭ ukha, gorla i nosa Rostovskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta Minzdravsotsrazvitiia Rossii, Rostov-na-Donu

Boiko N.V.

Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

Gukasjan E.L.

GBOU VPO «Rostovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet» Minzdrava Rossii, Nahichevanskij pereulok, 29, Rostov-na-Donu, Rossijskaja Federatsija, 344022

Bachurina A.S.

GBOU VPO «Rostovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet» Minzdrava Rossii, Nahichevanskij pereulok, 29, Rostov-na-Donu, Rossijskaja Federatsija, 344000

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