Many scientists arrive at the idea that due to the similarity of their predisposing factors and pathogenetic mechanisms, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may be interrelated and may deteriorate each other, and their combination requires a special treatment approach. After examining the available publications, we concluded that the studies investigating the link between OSAS and reflux disease were few and their results were very ambiguous. At the moment, there is no consensus of opinion as to the incidence of OSAS concurrent with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease or GERD; it is not clear whether these diseases may mutually deteriorate each other and have similar pathogenetic mechanisms. Small and heterogeneous patient groups have been followed up in the majority of the studies, which do not allow reliable conclusions; this view is also taken by the authors themselves. Papers dealing with the impact of surgical treatment for OSAS on this comorbidity have not been found and trials of the effectiveness of CPAP therapy or antireflux medications in this situation have yielded contradictory results that are difficult to interpret.