This article presents the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases among working-age persons in the Vladimir region. The analysis was conducted according to Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) data from 2018 (for mortality) and 2022 (for morbidity). The average data for the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District (CFD) were taken for comparison. According to Rosstat, there has been a slight increase in the morbidity of circulatory system diseases and neoplasms in the Vladimir region over the past 16 years. The downward trend in the incidence of diseases of the endocrine system is not noted, while the respiratory system diseases’ morbidity has increased by 50%. The incidence of the respiratory system diseases in the Vladimir region was 45% higher, and cancers — 25% higher, compared to the average scores for the Russian Federation. At the same time, the morbidity of diseases of the circulatory system in the Vladimir region remained one-third lower than the baseline level and the level in the CFD. In 2018, the incidence of death due to cancers, ischaemic heart disease and cerebral stroke among the working-age population was 25, 20 and 30% respectively higher in the Vladimir region than in the Russian Federation. The presented data once again underline the importance of primary prevention to reduce morbidity and secondary prevention to reduce the incidence of major chronic non-communicable diseases’ complications at the federal and regional levels.