Currently, special attention is paid to the issues of reproductive health of adolescents, since according to the «Concept of Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation», reproductive health is the factor that will determine the future reproduction of the population. Among all the organs of the reproductive system at risk of hormone-dependent hyperplastic processes, the mammary glands are the most frequently affected, being the first to signal disorders of neurohumoral homeostasis. In recent years, there has been active integration into the gynaecological service of the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of benign breast diseases, as well as the implementation of a screening programme for early (preclinical) detection of malignant tumours. The order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of 20 October 20 No1130n «On Approval of the Procedure for the Provision of Medical Care in the Field of Obstetrics and Gynaecology» refers to the organisation of mammological appointments and mammography rooms at women’s clinics, provides methodological recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of benign diffuse changes of the mammary glands, and defines the routing of patients with suspected malignant pathology. Unfortunately, little attention is paid to children, who are considered to be patients under the age of 18 according to the existing standards. This paper presents an analysis of the current literature and the experience of management of girls and adolescents with breast pathology from 2014 to 2023 by the gynaecological department of MDGKB, which is the clinical base of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine of the «Russian University of Medicine» and the only fast-acting department of paediatric gynaecology in Moscow.