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Andreeva E.N.

Endocrinology Research Centre;
Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Sheremetyeva E.V.

A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Grigoryan O.R.

A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Environmental factors and menopause

Authors:

Andreeva E.N., Sheremetyeva E.V., Grigoryan O.R.

More about the authors

Journal: Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2020;26(4): 14‑21

DOI: 10.17116/repro20202604114

Read: 2200 times

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Table of contents

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND MENOPAUSE
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND MENOPAUSE

To cite this article:

Andreeva EN, Sheremetyeva EV, Grigoryan OR. Environmental factors and menopause. Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2020;26(4):14‑21. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/repro20202604114

Подписка 2026 Проблемы репродукции (Russian Journal of Human Reproduction)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
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Abstract:

The term «epigenetics» or «epigenetic landscape» was proposed by Conrad Waddington in 1942, as a derivative of the words «genetics» and the Aristotelian word «epigenesist». If genetics studies the processes that lead to changes in our genes, in DNA, then epigenetics studies the changes in the activity of genes in which the primary structure of DNA remains the same. The biologist, Nobel laureate Peter Medawar said: «Genetics suggests, but epigenetics has». The study of the menopause in women and the processes that accompany this period are now receiving quite a lot of attention, since the age group of women in peri- and postmenopausal women in our country is more than 21 million, while women live almost 1/3 of their lives in condition of estrogen deficiency. With age, one can observe a general decrease in methylation, including parts of the genome, which make up almost half of the entire DNA sequence. The effect of the epigenome extends to the processes associated with aging. Studies are currently underway, the results of which will help answer the main question: menopause is a given and changes in the female body are programmed and are not an epigenetic factor, or menopause is still part of the «epigenetic landscape».

Keywords:

epigenetics
genetics
menopause
aging
mitochondria
telomerase
epigenome
methylation
cardiovascular disease
obesity
menopausal hormone therapy
dementia

Authors:

Andreeva E.N.

Endocrinology Research Centre;
Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Sheremetyeva E.V.

A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Grigoryan O.R.

A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Received:

01.04.2020

Accepted:

26.05.2020

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