Paresthetic notalgia (PN) is a complex cutaneous neuropathy in the spectrum of cutaneous dysesthesias that most often affects middle-aged women. PN was initially described in 1934 by the Soviet neurologist M.I. Astvatsaturov. The etiology of the disease is still not completely clear but most authors recognize that PN is a sensory neuropathy caused by changes and damage to the cutaneous branches of the spinal nerves, most often T2—T6. PN is characterized by unilateral paroxysmal pruritus of varying intensity and hyperpigmentation of the skin in the mid-back in the range of T2—T6. Bilateral location of PN foci is rare, not more than 10% of cases. The diagnosis is most often made on the basis of the patient’s complaints, anamnesis and clinical presentation. In controversial cases, the pathomorphological examination of a skin biopsy is used. Among the most common drugs and non-drug treatments for PN there are lidocaine, capsaicin, tacrolimus, botulinum toxin type A, gabapentin, oxcarbazepine, amitriptyline, surgical decompression, paravertebral local anesthetic blockade, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (UNS) treatment and acupuncture. A review of the literature on the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of PN was performed; in addition, the authors cite their own clinical observations of rare bilateral foci of PN.