Childhood disability remains a major medical and social problem due to increased economic burden on the working population and it is an important integrated characteristic of regional health of the population. Objective — the study was aimed at establishing the basic clinical entities of skin and subcutaneous fat diseases leading to childhood disability and the role of rehabilitation measures. Material and methods. Extensive and intensive sickness rate in children disabled due to skin and subcutaneous fat diseases (according to the Pension Fund of the Republic of Udmurtia) in 2014—2016. Results. There is increase in the number of disabled children in the Republic of Udmurtia, which accounts for 1.6% of all pediatric population. Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, congenital abnormalities, such as congenital ichthyosis, epidermolysis bullosa, ectodermal dysplasia (anhidrotic), and extensive hemangiomas of the face and body are the most common dermatoses leading to childhood disability. This category of children requires complex rehabilitation. Conclusions. The issues of regional regulatory framework, establishment of the criteria of atopic dermatitis severity, and medical and social assessment of individuals with congenital skin diseases are still unresolved. The complex of rehabilitative measures is in great demand.