The article describes the role of disturbances of immune mechanisms in the development of a pathological process in patients with chronic dermatoses as well as the Russian experience of using Xymedon in the complex treatment of patients with torpid forms of psoriasis, neurodermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, and atopic allergic diseases with an apparent clinical effect confirmed by clinical and immunological indicators. The study results demonstrated that Xymedon, in contrast to the basic therapy, normalized indicators of the immune status in psoriasis (pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, subsets of CD4+ and CD8+-lymphocytes), neurodermatitis (subsets of CD72+-lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins M, A, G, and E), eczema (a total amount of leukocytes and neutrophils, an absolute phagocytic count, a stimulated NBT test, a complement level, and subsets of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+-lymphocytes). In addition, the drug normalized indicators in toxic-allergic dermatitis (phagocytic activity of neutrophils and the level of a stimulated NBT test), allergic diseases of atopic genesis (activity of immunoregulatory Th1 and Th2 cells, cytokine production of interleukins 12 and 6, interferon-γ, and a total IgE level), and scleroderma (oxyproline excretion with urine). The complex therapy involving Xymedon is well tolerated by patients with chronic dermatoses, has no side effects, may be repeatedly used for a long time, in particular in patients of different age groups with concomitant pathology, positively affects the clinical course and prognosis, and improves patients’ quality of life.