Objective — the study was aimed at assessing clinical and immunological effectiveness of the combined therapy of microbial eczema using bacterial lysate. Material and methods. The study involved 126 adult patients with microbial eczema. We studied phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils, expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (MLPK) by flow cytometry using mAb to TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9 («Caltag labotaries», USA) using FC-500 flow cytometer («Beckman Coulter», USA), subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and major classes of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) in blood serum in patients before treatment and 1 month after treatment. Results. Combination therapy with bacterial lysate provides stable clinical remission in 59.15% of patients with microbial eczema, reduces duration of treatment by a factor of 1.2, duration and frequency of relapses (by a factor of 1.4 and 3.8, respectively), reduces the severity of relapse by a factor of 2.4, and adjusts immunity parameters in the form of increased TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 expression in MLPK, antimicrobial peptide levels, increased CD8+ and CD95+ lymphocyte count, reduced IL-1β and IL-4 production, and increased serum IgG level.