The efficacy of 7.2% NaCl hypertonic solution was studied in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Twenty six patients with coronary artery disease were randomized into 2 groups: patients from the main group received 7.2% NaCl at a dose of 4 mL/kg for 30 min, whereas in the control group placebo (normal saline) was administered at the equal dose. The extravascular lung water index, hemodynamics, respiratory function, O2 transport, troponin concentration, blood osmolarity, and Na concentration were evaluated in perioperative period. It is shown that use of 7.2% NaCl solution leads to significant reduction in extravascular lung water during and after the operation and increase of cardiac index accompanied by improvement of lung function, and contributes to reduction of net fluid balance in the patients by the end of operation.