The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Romanov Yu.A.

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications from the position of vascular endothelium

Authors:

Romanov Yu.A.

More about the authors

Journal: Russian Cardiology Bulletin. 2022;17(1): 21‑28

Read: 5789 times


To cite this article:

Romanov YuA. SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications from the position of vascular endothelium. Russian Cardiology Bulletin. 2022;17(1):21‑28. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/Cardiobulletin20221701121

Recommended articles:
Correlation between endo­thelial dysfunction and sensorineural hearing loss. Russian Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology. 2025;(3):13-18
Diagnostic stra­tegies for post-COVID syndrome. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2025;(6):126-130
Chro­nic kidney disease and microcirculation diso­rders. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2025;(8):123-130
Sleep diso­rders after COVID-19 in patients with primary headaches. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(8):127-132

References:

  1. Shah MD, Sumeh AS, Sheraz M, Kavitha MS, Venmathi Maran BA, Rodrigues KF. A mini-review on the impact of COVID 19 on vital organs. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2021;143:112158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112158
  2. Finsterer J, Scorza FA, Scorza CA, Fiorini AC. Extrapulmonary onset manifestations of COVID-19. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2021;76:e2900. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2900
  3. Wu Z, Zhang Q, Ye G, Zhang H, Heng BC, Fei Y, Zhao B, Zhou J. Structural and physiological changes of the human body upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B. 2021;22(4):310-317.  https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2000523
  4. Singh S, Pandey R, Tomar S, Varshney R, Sharma D, Gangenahalli G. A brief molecular insight of COVID-19: epidemiology, clinical manifestation, molecular mechanism, cellular tropism and immuno-pathogenesis. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 2021;476(11):3987-4002. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-021-04217-y
  5. Agarwal A, Chen A, Ravindran N, To C, Thuluvath PJ. Gastrointestinal and liver manifestations of COVID-19. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology. 2020;10(3):263-265.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2020.03.001
  6. Hundt MA, Deng Y, Ciarleglio MM, Nathanson MH, Lim JK. Abnormal liver tests in COVID-19: a retrospective observational cohort study of 1,827 patients in a major U.S. hospital network. Hepatology. 2020;72(4):1169-1176. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.31487
  7. Ungaro RC, Sullivan T, Colombel JF, Patel G. What should gastroenterologists and patients know about COVID-19? Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2020;18(7):1409-1411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.020
  8. Cheung KS, Hung IFN, Chan PPY, Lung KC, Tso E, Liu R, Ng YY, Chu MY, Chung TWH, Tam AR, Yip CCY, Leung KH, Fung AY, Zhang RR, Lin Y, Cheng HM, Zhang AJX, To KKW, Chan KH, Yuen KY, Leung WK. Gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus load in fecal samples from a Hong Kong Cohort: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2020;159(1):81-95.  https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.065
  9. Chan L, Chaudhary K, Saha A, Chauhan K, Vaid A, Baweja M, Campbell K, Chun N, Chung M, Deshpande P, Farouk SS, Kaufman L, Kim T, Koncicki H, Lapsia V, Leisman S, Lu E, Meliambro K, Menon MC, Rein JL, Sharma S, Tokita J, Uribarri J, Vassalotti JA, Winston J, Mathews KS, Zhao S, Paranjpe I, Somani S, Richter F, Do R, Miotto R, Lala A, Kia A, Timsina P, Li L, Danieletto M, Golden E, Glowe P, Zweig M, Singh M, Freeman R, Chen R, Nestler E, Narula J, Just AC, Horowitz C, Aberg J, Loos RJF, Cho J, Fayad Z, Cordon-Cardo C, Schadt E, Levin MA, Reich DL, Fuster V, Murphy B, He JC, Charney AW, Bottinger EP, Glicksberg BS, Coca SG, Nadkarni GN. Acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2020;2020.05.04.20090944. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.04.20090944
  10. Kolhe NV, Fluck RJ, Selby NM, Taal MW. Acute kidney injury associated with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study. PLOS Medicine. 2020;17(10):e1003406. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003406
  11. Moghimi N, Di Napoli M, Biller J, Siegler JE, Shekhar R, McCullough LD, Harkins MS, Hong E, Alaouieh DA, Mansueto G, Divani AA. The neurological manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. 2021;21(9):44.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-021-01130-1
  12. Sharma S, Jagadeesh H, Saxena A, Chakravarthy H, Devanathan V. Central nervous system as a target of novel coronavirus infections: Potential routes of entry and pathogenic mechanisms. Journal of Biosciences. 2021;46(4):106.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-021-00232-9
  13. Liotta EM, Batra A, Clark JR, Shlobin NA, Hoffman SC, Orban ZS, Koralnik IJ. Frequent neurologic manifestations and encephalopathy-associated morbidity in Covid-19 patients. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 2020;7(11):2221-2230. https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.51210
  14. Orsucci D, Ienco EC, Nocita G, Napolitano A, Vista M. Neurological features of COVID-19 and their treatment: a review. Drugs Context. 2020;9:2020-5-1.  https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2020-5-1
  15. Smadja DM, Mentzer SJ, Fontenay M, Laffan MA, Ackermann M, Helms J, Jonigk D, Chocron R, Pier GB, Gendron N, Pons S, Diehl JL, Margadant C, Guerin C, Huijbers EJM, Philippe A, Chapuis N, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Karagiannidis C, Sanchez O, Kümpers P, Skurnik D, Randi AM, Griffioen AW. COVID-19 is a systemic vascular hemopathy: insight for mechanistic and clinical aspects. Angiogenesis. 2021;24(4):755-788.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-021-09805-6
  16. Neri P, Pichi F. SARS-CoV-2 and the eye: the pandora’s box of ocular immunology. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2021;37(9):502-509.  https://doi.org/10.1089/jop.2021.0058
  17. Sanchez-Flores X, Huynh T, Huang JT. Covid-19 skin manifestations: an update. Current Opinion in Pediatrics. 2021;33(4):380-386.  https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000001036
  18. Markiewicz-Gospodarek A, Wdowiak P, Czeczelewski M, Forma A, Flieger J, Januszewski J, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Baj J. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on fertility and female and male reproductive systems. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021;10(19):4520. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194520
  19. Debuc B, Smadja DM. Is COVID-19 a new hematologic disease? Stem Cell Reviews and Reports. 2021;17(1):4-8.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-020-09987-4
  20. Saeed S, Tadic M, Larsen TH, Grassi G, Mancia G. Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular complications: focused clinical review. Journal of Hypertension. 2021;39(7):1282-1292. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002819
  21. Magadum A, Kishore R. Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19 Infection. Cells. 2020;9(11):2508. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9112508
  22. Liu F, Liu F, Wang L. COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology. 2021;13(3):161-167.  https://doi.org/10.1093/jmcb/mjaa064
  23. Chen L, Li X, Chen M, Feng Y, Xiong C. The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Cardiovascular Research. 2020;116(6):1097-1100. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvaa078.
  24. Cruz Rodriguez JB, Lange RA, Mukherjee D. Gamut of cardiac manifestations and complications of COVID-19: a contemporary review. Journal of Investigative Medicine. 2020;68(8):1334-1340. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2020-001592
  25. Inciardi RM, Lupi L, Zaccone G, Italia L, Raffo M, Tomasoni D, Cani DS, Cerini M, Farina D, Gavazzi E, Maroldi R, Adamo M, Ammirati E, Sinagra G, Lombardi CM, Metra M. Cardiac involvement in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiology. 2020;5(7):819-824.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1096
  26. Zheng YY, Ma YT, Zhang JY, Xie X. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2020;17(5):259-260.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5
  27. Lindner D, Fitzek A, Bräuninger H, Aleshcheva G, Edler C, Meissner K, Scherschel K, Kirchhof P, Escher F, Schultheiss HP, Blankenberg S, Püschel K, Westermann D. Association of cardiac infection with SARS-CoV-2 in confirmed COVID-19 autopsy cases. JAMA Cardiology. 2020;5(11):1281-1285. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3551
  28. Adu-Amankwaah J, Mprah R, Adekunle AO, Ndzie Noah ML, Adzika GK, Machuki JO, Sun H. The cardiovascular aspect of COVID-19. Annals of Medicine. 2021;53(1):227-236.  https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2020.1861644
  29. Voulalas G, Tsui J, Candilio L, Baker D. SARS-CoV-2 and pre-existing vascular diseases: guilt by association? Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology. 2021;15:11795468211010705. https://doi.org/10.1177/11795468211010705
  30. Dillinger JG, Benmessaoud FA, Pezel T, Voicu S, Sideris G, Chergui N, Hamzi L, Chauvin A, Leroy P, Gautier JF, Sène D, Henry P; COVID Research Group of Lariboisiere Hospital. Coronary artery calcification and complications in patients with COVID-19. JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging. 2020;13(11):2468-2470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.07.004
  31. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061-1069. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  32. Manolis AS, Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Apostolopoulos EJ, Papatheou D, Melita H. COVID-19 infection and cardiac arrhythmias. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2020;30(8):451-460.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2020.08.002
  33. Pardo Sanz A, Salido Tahoces L, Ortega Pérez R, González Ferrer E, Sánchez Recalde Á, Zamorano Gómez JL. New-onset atrial fibrillation during COVID-19 infection predicts poor prognosis. Cardiology Journal. 2021;28(1):34-40.  https://doi.org/10.5603/CJ.a2020.0145
  34. Lakkireddy DR, Chung MK, Gopinathannair R, Patton KK, Gluckman TJ, Turagam M, Cheung JW, Patel P, Sotomonte J, Lampert R, Han JK, Rajagopalan B, Eckhardt L, Joglar J, Sandau KE, Olshansky B, Wan E, Noseworthy PA, Leal M, Kaufman E, Gutierrez A, Marine JE, Wang PJ, Russo AM. Guidance for cardiac electrophysiology during the COVID-19 pandemic from the Heart Rhythm Society COVID-19 Task Force; Electrophysiology Section of the American College of Cardiology; and the Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association. Heart Rhythm. 2020;17(9):233-241.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.03.028
  35. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  36. Sala S, Peretto G, De Luca G, Farina N, Campochiaro C, Tresoldi M, Dagna L, Zangrillo A, Gulletta S, Della Bella P. Low prevalence of arrhythmias in clinically stable COVID-19 patients. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 2020;43(8):891-893.  https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.13987
  37. Gopinathannair R, Merchant FM, Lakkireddy DR, Etheridge SP, Feigofsky S, Han JK, Kabra R, Natale A, Poe S, Saha SA, Russo AM. COVID-19 and cardiac arrhythmias: a global perspective on arrhythmia characteristics and management strategies. Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology. 2020;59(2):329-336.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-020-00789-9
  38. Guzik TJ, Mohiddin SA, Dimarco A, Patel V, Savvatis K, Marelli-Berg FM, Madhur MS, Tomaszewski M, Maffia P, D’Acquisto F, Nicklin SA, Marian AJ, Nosalski R, Murray EC, Guzik B, Berry C, Touyz RM, Kreutz R, Wang DW, Bhella D, Sagliocco O, Crea F, Thomson EC, McInnes IB. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options. Cardiovascular Research. 2020;116(10):1666-1687. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvaa106
  39. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  40. Hendren NS, Drazner MH, Bozkurt B, Cooper LT Jr. Description and proposed management of the acute COVID-19 cardiovascular syndrome. Circulation. 2020;141(23):1903-1914. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047349
  41. Fried JA, Ramasubbu K, Bhatt R, Topkara VK, Clerkin KJ, Horn E, Rabbani L, Brodie D, Jain SS, Kirtane AJ, Masoumi A, Takeda K, Kumaraiah D, Burkhoff D, Leon M, Schwartz A, Uriel N, Sayer G. The variety of cardiovascular presentations of COVID-19. Circulation. 2020;141(23):1930-1936. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047164
  42. Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, Cai Y, Liu T, Yang F, Gong W, Liu X, Liang J, Zhao Q, Huang H, Yang B, Huang C. Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiology. 2020;5(7):802-810.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950
  43. Lang JP, Wang X, Moura FA, Siddiqi HK, Morrow DA, Bohula EA. A current review of COVID-19 for the cardiovascular specialist. American Heart Journal. 2020;226:29-44.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.025
  44. Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, Wu X, Zhang L, He T, Wang H, Wan J, Wang X, Lu Z. Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiology. 2020;5(7):811-818.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017
  45. Daher J. Endothelial dysfunction and COVID-19 (Review). Biomedical Reports. 2021;15(6):102.  https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1478
  46. Maruhashi T, Higashi Y. Pathophysiological association of endothelial dysfunction with fatal outcome in COVID-19. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(10):5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22105131
  47. Pons S, Fodil S, Azoulay E, Zafrani L. The vascular endothelium: the cornerstone of organ dysfunction in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Critical Care. 2020;24(1):353.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03062-7
  48. Libby P, Lüscher T. COVID-19 is, in the end, an endothelial disease. European Heart Journal. 2020;41(32):3038-3044. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa623
  49. Siddiqi HK, Libby P, Ridker PM. COVID-19 — A vascular disease. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2021;31(1):1-5.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2020.10.005
  50. Bassenge E. Endothelial function in different organs. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 1996;39(3):209-228.  https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-0620(96)80002-8
  51. Krüger-Genge A, Blocki A, Franke RP, Jung F. Vascular endothelial cell biology: An update. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019;20(18):4411. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184411
  52. Barbosa LC, Gonçalves TL, de Araujo LP, Rosario LVO, Ferrer VP. Endothelial cells and SARS-CoV-2: An intimate relationship. Vascular Pharmacology. 2021;137:106829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2021.106829
  53. Castro P, Palomo M, Moreno-Castaño AB, Fernández S, Torramadé-Moix S, Pascual G, Martinez-Sanchez J, Richardson E, Téllez A, Nicolas JM, Carreras E, Richardson PG, Badimon JJ, Escolar G, Diaz-Ricart M. Is the endothelium the missing link in the pathophysiology and treatment of COVID-19 complications? Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. 2021;7:1-14.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-021-07207-w
  54. Cines DB, Pollak ES, Buck CA, Loscalzo J, Zimmerman GA, McEver RP, Pober JS, Wick TM, Konkle BA, Schwartz BS, Barnathan ES, McCrae KR, Hug BA, Schmidt AM, Stern DM. Endothelial cells in physiology and in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders. Blood. 1998;91(10):3527-3561.
  55. Agrati C, Sacchi A, Tartaglia E, Vergori A, Gagliardini R, Scarabello A, Bibas M. The Role of P-selectin in COVID-19 coagulopathy: An updated review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(15):7942. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157942
  56. Yamaoka-Tojo M. Vascular endothelial glycocalyx damage in COVID-19. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020;21(24):9712. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249712
  57. Lechien JR, Radulesco T, Calvo-Henriquez C, Chiesa-Estomba CM, Hans S, Barillari MR, Cammaroto G, Descamps G, Hsieh J, Vaira L, De Riu G, Sowerby L, Gengler I, Michel J, Saussez S. ACE2 & TMPRSS2 expressions in head & neck tissues: a systematic review. Head & Neck Pathology. 2021;15(1):225-235.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-020-01212-5
  58. Yin J, Wang S, Liu Y, Chen J, Li D, Xu T. Coronary microvascular dysfunction pathophysiology in COVID-19. Microcirculation. 2021;28(7):e12718. https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12718
  59. Mascolo A, Scavone C, Rafaniello C, De Angelis A, Urbanek K, di Mauro G, Cappetta D, Berrino L, Rossi F, Capuano A. The role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the heart and lung: focus on COVID-19. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12:667254. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.667254
  60. Jones SA, Hunter CA. Is IL-6 a key cytokine target for therapy in COVID-19? Nature Reviews Immunology. 2021;21(6):337-339.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-021-00553-8
  61. Merad M, Martin JC. Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2020;20(6):355-362.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-0331-4
  62. Birnhuber A, Fließer E, Gorkiewicz G, Zacharias M, Seeliger B, David S, Welte T, Schmidt J, Olschewski H, Wygrecka M, Kwapiszewska G. Between inflammation and thrombosis: endothelial cells in COVID-19. European Respiratory Journal. 2021;58(3):2100377. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00377-2021
  63. Al-Samkari H, Karp Leaf RS, Dzik WH, Carlson JCT, Fogerty AE, Waheed A, Goodarzi K, Bendapudi PK, Bornikova L, Gupta S, Leaf DE, Kuter DJ, Rosovsky RP. COVID-19 and coagulation: bleeding and thrombotic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blood. 2020;136(4):489-500.  https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020006520
  64. Zuo Y, Warnock M, Harbaugh A, Yalavarthi S, Gockman K, Zuo M, Madison JA, Knight JS, Kanthi Y, Lawrence DA. Plasma tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Scientific Reports. 2021;11(1):1580. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80010-z
  65. Rovas A, Osiaevi I, Buscher K, Sackarnd J, Tepasse PR, Fobker M, Kühn J, Braune S, Göbel U, Thölking G, Gröschel A, Pavenstädt H, Vink H, Kümpers P. Microvascular dysfunction in COVID-19: the MYSTIC study. Angiogenesis. 2021;24(1):145-157.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-020-09753-7
  66. Fagyas M, Fejes Z, Sütő R, Nagy Z, Székely B, Pócsi M, Ivády G, Bíró E, Bekő G, Nagy A, Kerekes G, Szentkereszty Z, Papp Z, Tóth A, Kappelmayer J, Nagy B Jr. Circulating ACE2 activity predicts mortality and disease severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2022;115:8-16.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.028
  67. Philippe A, Chocron R, Gendron N, Bory O, Beauvais A, Peron N, Khider L, Guerin CL, Goudot G, Levasseur F, Peronino C, Duchemin J, Brichet J, Sourdeau E, Desvard F, Bertil S, Pene F, Cheurfa C, Szwebel TA, Planquette B, Rivet N, Jourdi G, Hauw-Berlemont C, Hermann B, Gaussem P, Mirault T, Terrier B, Sanchez O, Diehl JL, Fontenay M, Smadja DM. Circulating Von Willebrand factor and high molecular weight multimers as markers of endothelial injury predict COVID-19 in-hospital mortality. Angiogenesis. 2021;24(3):505-517.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-020-09762-6
  68. Guervilly C, Burtey S, Sabatier F, Cauchois R, Lano G, Abdili E, Daviet F, Arnaud L, Brunet P, Hraiech S, Jourde-Chiche N, Koubi M, Lacroix R, Pietri L, Berda Y, Robert T, Degioanni C, Velier M, Papazian L, Kaplanski G, Dignat-George F. Circulating endothelial cells as a marker of endothelial injury in severe COVID -19. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020;222(11):1789-1793. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa528
  69. Nizzoli ME, Merati G, Tenore A, Picone C, Consensi E, Perotti L, Ferretti VV, Sambo M, Di Sabatino A, Iotti GA, Arcaini L, Bruno R, Belliato M. Circulating endothelial cells in COVID-19. American Journal of Hematology. 2020;95(8):187-188.  https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25881
  70. Mancuso P, Gidaro A, Gregato G, Raveane A, Cremonesi P, Quarna J, Caccia S, Gusso L, Rusconi S, Giacomelli A, Cogliati C, Bertolini F. Circulating endothelial progenitors are increased in COVID-19 patients and correlate with SARS-CoV-2 RNA in severe cases. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2020;18(10):2744-2750. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15044
  71. Melkumyants A, Buryachkovskaya L, Lomakin N, Antonova O, Serebruany V. Mild COVID-19 and impaired blood cell-endothelial crosstalk: considering long-term use of antithrombotics? Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2022;122(1):123-130.  https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1551-9911
  72. Blann AD, Woywodt A, Bertolini F, Bull TM, Buyon JP, Clancy RM, Haubitz M, Hebbel RP, Lip GY, Mancuso P, Sampol J, Solovey A, Dignat-George F. Circulating endothelial cells. Biomarker of vascular disease. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2005;93(2):228-235.  https://doi.org/10.1160/TH04-09-0578
  73. Romanov YA, Chervontseva AM, Savchenko VG, Smirnov VN. Vascular endothelium: target or victim of cytostatic therapy? Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2007;85(3-4):396-403.  https://doi.org/10.1139/y07-045
  74. Woywodt A, Haubitz M, Buchholz S, Hertenstein B. Counting the cost: markers of endothelial damage in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplantation. 2004;34(12):1015-1023. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704733
  75. Beije N, Versluis J, Kraan J, Gratama JW, Sleijfer S, Cornelissen JJ. Circulating endothelial cell enumeration demonstrates prolonged endothelial damage in recipients of myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica. 2015;100(6):246-249.  https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2014.121731
  76. Dutt TS, LaVergne SM, Webb TL, Baxter BA, Stromberg S, McFann K, Berry K, Tipton M, Alnachoukati O, Zier L, Ebel G, Dunn J, Henao-Tamayo M, Ryan EP. Comprehensive immune profiling reveals CD56+ monocytes and CD31+ endothelial cells are increased in severe COVID-19 disease. Journal of Immunology. 2022;208(3):685-696.  https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2100830
  77. Hill JM, Zalos G, Halcox JP, Schenke WH, Waclawiw MA, Quyyumi AA, Finkel T. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular function, and cardiovascular risk. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;348(7):593-600.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022287
  78. Urbich C, Dimmeler S. Endothelial progenitor cells functional characterization. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2004;14(8):318-322.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2004.10.001
  79. Poyatos P, Luque N, Eizaguirre S, Sabater G, Sebastián L, Albesa ÍF, Peracaula M, Boixadé M, Orriols R, Tura-Ceide O. Post-COVID-19 patients show an increased endothelial progenitor cell production. Translational Research. 2022;24:S1931-5244(22)00017-2.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2022.01.004

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.