Aim. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the risk factors, peculiarities of diagnostics and clinical course of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the patients presenting with central pareses and paralyses with a view to optimizing the algorithm for the prevention of venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) in the case of acute cerebral circulation problems. Material and methods. A total of 113 patient presenting with central pareses and paralyses hospitalized to the regional neurovascular centre were available for the examination. All of them underwent ultrasound angioscanning (USAS) of the veins of the lower extremities and measurement of the blood D-dimer level within days 1—7, 8—14, and 14—21 after admission. Results. Deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremities was detected n 56 (49.5%) patients. Most cases of DVT (85.6%) were diagnosed within the first two weeks after the onset of the disease. DVT  largely affected distal segments of the venous system. 24 (42.8%) patients had DVT in both legs. Non-occlusive thrombosis was diagnosed in 23 (41%) cases. The frequency of thrombosis in the patients given prophylactic treatment with heparin was estimated at 36.1% and was significantly lower than in those without heparin therapy. In the presence of the severe clinically manifested functional disorders, DVT occurred twice as frequent as in the case of moderate functional disorders. The level of D-dimer in the blood samples obtained from the patients with the signs of  DVT revealed by ultrasound angioscanning amounted to  600 ng/ml on the average (the interquartile range from 400 to 1600 ng/ml) and was higher than in the subjects without thrombosis; p<0,0004. Conclusion. DVT most frequently develops in the patients presenting with the severe motor function disorders with the predominance of distal DVT and high frequency of non-occlusive forms. In the case of normal blood D-dimer level and the absence of clinically apparent manifestations of venous thrombosis, the probability of the development of  DVT is rather low even in the patients with the high risk of VTEC. It is recommended that prophylactic USAS should be performed in the groups of patients at high risk of DVT and pulmonary embolism exhibiting the high level of d-dimer in blood plasma.