Uteroplacental relationships were studied in women with and without hypothyroidism, by applying electron, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopies, which enables one to gain more insight into morphometric characteristics. Moreover, not only fixed, but also native materials were used, which brings the studies to a live object and opens up new avenues for rapid diagnosis. The use of gross and trace analysis allows the biochemical parameters of the structure of uterine and placental tissues to be studied for an additional diagnosis and development of treatment options.