The possibility of using neuron-specific enolase as a biomarker in the acute period of stroke

Close metadata

Recommended articles:

Cerebrolysin as an early add-on to reperfusion therapy: heterogeneous treatment effect analysis in ischemic stroke patients with varying risk of hemorrhagic transformation. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(3-2):55-66

Efficacy of Mexidol in combination with cerebral revascularization in the treatment of ischemic stroke. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(3-2):67-74

Cognitive impairment in cerebrovascular diseases. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(4-2):12-16

Algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment and dysphagia in stroke patients. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(4-2):100-107

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the acute and early recovery period of ischemic stroke: the role of nocturnal hypoxemia. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(5-2):72-78

Artificial ventilation in patients with stroke: main results of the Russian multicenter observational clinical trial RETAS. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(8-2):5-13

Long-term follow-up of adult patients with serial and status course of epileptic seizures. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(4):63-68

Characteristics of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and the PDX-1 transcription factor expression. Russian Journal of Archive of Pathology. 2024;(3):12-20

Comparison of the effectiveness of non-immunogenic staphylokinase and alteplase for intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke: analysis of hospital registry data. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2024;(7):139-144

Hypoalbuminemia as an independent predictor of complications, critical illness and premature death. Russian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology. 2024;(4):83-89

The article presents a review of the literature on neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as a biomarker of stroke. It is shown that NSE does not allow differentiation of the ischemic and hemorrhagic process in stroke, but is suitable for determining the extent of brain tissue destruction both in the first hours of stroke and in the dynamics. The HSE analysis can be useful for monitoring the course of the disease, control of the dynamics of the pathological process, including when the size of the lesion increases, for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy and as a prognostic biomarker.

Keywords:

stroke

stroke biomarkers

neuron-specific enolase (NSE)

prediction

Authors:

Topuzova M.P.

Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia

Alekseeva T.M.

Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, a branch of the Almazov National Medical Research Centre under the Ministry of Health of the Russia 12 Mayakovsky str., Saint Petersburg, Russia, 191014

SPIN RSCI: 3219-2846
Scopus AuthorID: 57200808136
ResearcherID: S-8806-2017
ORCID: 0000-0002-4441-1165

Panina E.B.

Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia

Vavilova T.V.

Federal State Budgetary Institution «V.A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre», St. Petersburg, Russia

SPIN RSCI: 9003-6455
Scopus AuthorID: 7004477312
ORCID: 0000-0001-8537-3639

Kovzelev P.D.

Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia

Portik O.A.

Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia

Skoromets A.A.

Sankt-Peterburgskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ meditsinskiĭ institut im. akad. I.P. Pavlova

List of references:

Feigin VL, Norrving B, George MG, Foltz JL, Roth GA, Mensah GA. Prevention of stroke: a strategic global imperative. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(9):501-512. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.107
Saengen AK, Christenson RN. Stroke biomarkers: progress and challenges for diagnosis, prognosis, differentiation and treatment. Clin Chem. 2010;56(1):21-33. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.133801
Maas MB, Furie KL. Molecular biomarkers in stroke diagnosis and prognosis. Biomark Med. 2009;3(4):363-383. https://doi.org/10.2217/bmm.09.30
Castellanos M, Serena J. Applicability of biomarkers in ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2007;24(suppl 1):7-15. https://doi.org/10.1159/000107374
Missler U, Wiesmann M, Friedrich C, Kaps M. S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase concentrations in blood as indicators of infarction volume and prognosis in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 1997;28:1956-1960. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.28.10.1956
Laskowitz DT, Grocott H, Hsia A, Copeland KR. Serum markers of cerebral ischemia. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 1998;7:234-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1052-3057(98)80032-3
Jauch EC, Lindsell C, Broderick J, Fagan SC, Tilley BC, Levine SR. Association of serial biochemical markers with acute ischemic stroke: the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke recombinant tissue plasminogen activator stroke study. Stroke. 2006;37(10):2508-2513. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000242290.01174.9e
Schoerkhuber W, Kittler H, Sterz F, Behringer W, Holzer M, Frossard M, Spitzauer S, Laggner AN. Time course of serum neuron-specific enolase. A predictor of neurological outcome in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Stroke. 1999;30:1598-1603. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.30.8.1598
Casmiro M, Maitan S, De Pasquale F, Cova V, Scarpa E, Vignatelli L. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum neuron-specific enolase concentrations in a normal population. Eur J Neurol. 2005;12(5):369-374. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2004.01021.x
Grubb NR, Simpson C, Sherwood RA, Abraha HD, Cobbe SM, O’Carroll RE, Deary I, Fox KA. Prediction of cognitive dysfunction after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using serum neuron-specific enolase and protein S-100. Heart. 2007;93:1268-1273. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2006.091314
Oertel M, Schumacher U, McArthur DL, Kästner S, Böker DK. S-100B and NSE: markers of initial impact of subarachnoid haemorrhage and their relation to vasospasm and outcome. J Clin Neurosci. 2006;13:834-840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2005.11.030
Celtik C, Acunaş B, Oner N, Pala O. Neuron-specific enolase as a marker of the severity and outcome of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Brain Dev. 2004;26:398-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.braindev.2003.12.007
Einav S, Kaufman N, Algur N, Kark JD. Modeling serum biomarkers S100 beta and neuron-specific enolase as predictors of outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: an aid to clinical decision making. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:304-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2012.04.020
Anand N, Stead LG. Neuron-specific enolase as a marker for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2005;20(4):213-219. https://doi.org/10.1159/000087701
Hardemark HG, Persson L, Bolander HG, Hillered L, Olsson Y, Pahlman S. Neuron-specific enolase is a marker of cerebral ischemia and infarct size in rat cerebrospinal fluid. Stroke. 1988;19(9):1140-1144. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.19.9.1140
Hardemark HG, Ericsson N, Kotwica Z, Rundström G, Mendel-Hartvig I, Olsson Y, Pahlman S, Persson L. S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase in CSF after experimental traumatic or focal ischemic brain damage. J Neurosurg. 1989;71(5 Pt 1):727-731. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1989.71.5.0727
Hatfield RH, McKernan RM. CSF neuron specifi c enolase as a quantitative marker of neuronal damage in a rat stroke model. Brain Res. 1992;577:249-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(92)90280-m
Barone FC, Clark RK, Price WJ, White RF, Feuerstein GZ, Storer BL, Ohlstein EH. Neuron-specifi c enolase increases in cerebral and systemic circulation following focal ischemia. Brain Res. 1993;623:77-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)90012-c
Persson L, Hardemark HG, Gustafsson J, Rundström G, Mendel-Hartvig I, Esscher T, Pahlman S. S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid and serum: markers of cell damage in human central nervous system. Stroke. 1987;18(5):911-918. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.18.5.911
Gruener N, Gross B, Gozlan O, Barak M. Increase in superoxide dismutase after cerebro-vascular accident. Life Sci. 1994;54:711-713. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(94)90159-7
Wu YC, Zhao YB, Lu CZ, Qiao J, Tan YJ. Correlation between serum level of neuron-specific enolase and long-term functional outcome after acute cerebral infarction: prospective study. Hong Kong Med J. 2004;10(4):251-254.
Brea D, Sobrino T, Blanco M, Cristobo I, Rodríguez-González R, Rodríguez-Yañez M, Moldes O, Agulla J, Leira R, Castillo J. Temporal profile and clinical significance of serum neuron‐specific enolase and S100 in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2009;47:1513‐1518. https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2009.337
Cunningham RT, Watt M, Winder J, McKinstry S, Lawson JT, Johnston CF, Hawkins SA, Buchanan KD. Serum neurone-specifi c enolase as an indicator of stroke volume. Eur J Clin Invest. 1996;26:298-303. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1996.129282.x
Stevens H, Jakobs C, de Jager AE, Cunningham RT, Korf J. Neurone-specifi c enolase and N-acetyl-aspartate as potential peripheral markers of ischaemic stroke. Eur J Clin Invest. 1999;29:6-11. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1999.00408.x
Zhan HT, Chen G. Changes of plasma cross-linked D-dimer and neuron-specific enolase in patients with cerebral infarction. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2008;28(7):1226-1228. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18676270
Hill MD, Jackowski G, Bayer N, Lawrence M, Jaeschke R. Biochemical markers in acute ischemic stroke. CMAJ. 2000;162:1139-1140.
Fassbender K, Schmidt R, Schreiner A, Fatar M, Muhlhauser F, Daffertshofer M, et al. Leakage of brain-originated proteins in peripheral blood: temporal profi le and diagnostic value in early ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci. 1997;148:101-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-510x(96)05351-8
Butterworth RJ, Wassif WS, Sherwood RA, Gerges A, Poyser KH, Garthwaite J, Peters TJ, Bath PM. Serum neuron-specifi c enolase, carnosinase, and their ratio in acute stroke: an enzymatic test for predicting outcome? Stroke. 1996;27:2064-2068. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.27.11.2064
Wunderlich MT, Ebert AD, Kratz T, Goertler M, Jost S, Herrmann M. Early neurobehavioral outcome after stroke is related to release of neurobiochemical markers of brain damage. Stroke. 1999;30:1190-1195. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.30.6.1190
Wunderlich MT, Lins H, Skalej M, Wallesch CW, Goertler M. Neuron-specific enolase and tau protein as neurobiochemical markers of neuronal damage are related to early clinical course and long-term outcome in acute ischemic stroke. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006;108(6):558-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2005.12.006
Kamchatov PR, Ruleva GYu, Dukin SF. Neurospecific proteins and autoantibodies in serum of patients with acute ischemic strok. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2009;109(5 suppl 2):69-72. (In Russ.)
Nayak AR, Badar SR, Lande N, Kawle AP, Kabra DP, Chandak NH, Raje DV, Singh LR, Daginawala HF, Kashyap RS. Prediction of outcome in diabetic acute ischemic stroke patients: a hospital-based pilot study report. Ann Neurosci. 2016;23:199-208. https://doi.org/10.1159/000449480
Sulter G, Elting JW, De Keyser J. Increased serum neuron specifi c enolase concentrations in patients with hyperglycemic cortical ischemic stroke. Neurosci Lett. 1998;253:71-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00595-3
Al-Rawi NH, Atiyah KM. Salivary neuron specific enolase: an indicator for neuronal damage in patients with ischemic stroke and stroke-prone patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2009;47(12):1519-1524. https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2009.345
Schaarschmidt H, Prange HW, Reiber H. Neuron-specifi c enolase concentrations in blood as a prognostic parameter in cerebrovascular diseases. Stroke. 1994;25:558-565. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.25.3.558
Undén J, Strandberg K, Malm J, Campbell E, Rosengren L, Stenflo J, Norrving B, Romner B, Lindgren A, Andsberg G. Explorative investigation of biomarkers of brain damage and coagulation system activation in clinical stroke differentiation. J Neurol. 2009;256(1):72-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-009-0054-8
González-García S, González-Quevedo A, Fernández-Concepción O, Peña-Sánchez M, Menéndez-Saínz C, Hernández-Díaz Z, Arteche-Prior M, Pando-Cabrera A, Fernández-Novales C. Short-term prognostic value of serum neuron specific enolase and S100B in acute stroke patients. Clin Biochem. 2012;45(16-17):1302-1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.094
Jung CS, Lange B, Zimmermann M, Seifert V. CSF and serum biomarkers focusing on cerebral vasospasm and ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke research and treatment. Stroke Res Treat. 2013;560305. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/560305
Pandey A, Shrivastava AK, Saxena K. Neuron specific enolase and c-reactive protein levels in stroke and its subtypes: correlation with degree of disability. Neurochem Res. 2014;39(8):1426-1432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-014-1328-9
Alatas ÖD, Gürger M, Ateşçelik M, Yildiz M, Demir CF, Kalayci M, Ilhan N, Acar E, Ekingen E. Neuron-Specific Enolase, S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B, and Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels in Patients With Intracranial Hemorrhage. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(45):e2007. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000002007
Brouns R, De Vil B, Cras P, De Surgeloose D, Mariën P, De Deyn PP. Neurobiochemical markers of brain damage in cerebrospinal fluid of acute ischemic stroke patients. Clinical Chemistry. 2010;56(3):451-458. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.134122
Li Y, Wang X, Yang Z. Neuron-specific enolase in patients with acute ischemic stroke and related dementia. Chin Med J (Engl). 1995;108(3):221-223.
Selakovic V, Raicevic R, Radenovic L. The increase of neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma as a marker of neuronal damage in patients with acute brain infarction. J Clin Neurosci. 2005;12(5):542-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2004.07.019
Moritz S, Warnat J, Bele S, Graf BM, Woertgen C. The prognostic value of NSE and S100B from serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2010;22(1):21-31. https://doi.org/10.1097/ana.0b013e3181bdf50d
Cunningham RT, Young IS, Winder J, O’Kane MJ, McKinstry S, Johnston CF, Dolan OM, Hawkins SA, Buchanan KD. Serum neurone specifi c enolase (NSE) levels as an indicator of neuronal damage in patients with cerebral infarction. Eur J Clin Invest. 1991;21:497-500. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01401.x
Oh SH, Lee JG, Na SJ, Park JH, Kim WJ. The effect of initial serum neuron-specific enolase level on clinical outcome in acute carotid artery territory infarction. Yonsei Med J. 2002;43(3):357-362. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2002.43.3.357
Oh SH, Lee JG, Na SJ, Park JH, Choi YC, Kim WJ. Prediction of early clinical severity and extent of neuronal damage in anterior-circulation infarction using the initial serum neuron-specifi c enolase level. Arch Neurol. 2003;60:37-41. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.60.1.37
Wunderlich MT, Wallesch CW, Goertler M. Release of neurobiochemical markers of brain damage is related to the neurovascular status on admission and the site of arterial occlusion in acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci. 2004;227(1):49-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2004.08.005
Geiger S, Holdenrieder S, Stieber P, Hamann GF, Bruening R, Ma J, Nagel D, Seidel D. Nucleosomes as a new prognostic marker in early cerebral stroke. J Neurol. 2007;254(5):617-623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-006-0407-5
Zaheer S, Beg M, Rizvi I, Islam N, Ullah E, Akhtar N. Correlation between serum neuron specific enolase and functional neurological outcome in patients of acute ischemic stroke. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2013;16(4):504-508. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-2327.120442
Rodrίgues-Yάňez M, Castellanos M, Sobrino T, Brea D, Ramos-Cabrer P, Pedraza S, Castiñeiras JA, Serena J, Dávalos A, Castillo J, Blanco M. Interleukin-10 facilitates the selection of patients for systemic thrombolysis. BMC Neurology. 2013;13:62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-13-62
Karyakina GM, Nadezhdina MV, Hinko MA, Gurariy NM. Parity of level neuron-specific enolase and a brain blood-groove at hemispheric ischemic stroke. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine. 2009;1(2):37-42. (In Russ.)
Bharosay A, Bharosay VV, Varma M, Saxena K, Sodani A, Saxena R. Correlation of Brain Biomarker Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) with Degree of Disability and Neurological Worsening in Cerebrovascular Stroke. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2012;27(2):186-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-011-0172-9
Dementeva OV, Starikova NL. Clinical correlations of neuron-specific enolase in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke after systemic thrombolysis. Ural Medical Journal. 2017;1(145):32-36. (In Russ.)
Singh HV, Pandey A, Shrivastava AK, Raizada A, Singh SK, Singh N. Prognostic value of neuron specific enolase and IL-10 in ischemic stroke and its correlation with degree of neurological deficit. Clin Chim Acta. 2013;419:136-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2013.02.014
Kaca-Oryńska M, Tomasiuk R, Friedman A. Neuron-specific enolase and S 100B protein as predictors of outcome in ischaemic stroke. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2010;44(5):459-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3843(14)60136-5
Huţanu A, Iancu M, Bălaşa R, Maier S, Dobreanu M. Predicting functional outcome of ischemic stroke patients in Romania based on plasma CRP, sTNFR-1, D-Dimers, NGAL and NSE measured using a biochip array. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018;39(7):1228-1236. https://doi.org/10.1038/aps.2018.26
Haupt WF, Chopan G, Sobesky J, Liu WC, Dohmen C. Prognostic value of somatosensory evoked potentials, neuron-specific enolase, and S100 for short-term outcome in ischemic stroke. J Neurophysiol. 2016;115(3):1273-1278. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01012.2015
Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H, Gałecka-Wolska M, Bidziński A, Turzyńska D, Sobolewska A, Lipska B, Płaźnik A, Ryglewicz D. Predictive value of selected biochemical markers of brain damage for functional outcome in ischaemic stroke patients. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2009;43(2):126-133.
Bharosay A, Bharosay VV, Saxena K, Varma M. Role of Brain Biomarker in Predicting Clinical Outcome in Hypertensive Cerebrovascular Ischemic Stroke. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2018;33(2):178-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-017-0664-3
Lu K, Xu X, Cui S, Wang F, Zhang B, Zhao Y. Serum neuron specific enolase level as a predictor of prognosis in acute ischemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis. J Neurol Sci. 2015;359(1-2):202-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2015.10.034
Kim BJ, Kim YJ, Ahn SH, Kim NY, Kang DW, Kim JS, Kwon SU. The second elevation of neuron-specific enolase peak after ischemic stroke is associated with hemorrhagic transformation. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;23(9):2437-2443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.05.020

Close metadata