Possibilities and prospects for experimental and clinical instrumentation techniques for determining the primary stability of dental implants in comparative analysis

Gus’kov A.V.; Oleinikov A.A.; Domashkevich N.S.; Osman A.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat202210101196

Close metadata

Recommended articles:

Prospects for developing domestic instruments for dental implantation in various clinical conditions. Russian Journal of Stomatology. 2024;(4):4-11

Comparative analysis of the state of the microvasculature of the oral mucosa in persons with metabolic syndrome in the aspect of orthopedic dental rehabilitation. Stomatology. 2024;(6-2):15-22

Model selection for determination of primary stability of dental implants in experimental studies. Stomatology. 2024;(6-2):53-57

Analysis of complications of dental treatment using orthopedic structures with different types of fixation on dental implants. Russian Journal of Stomatology. 2025;(1):23-29

Modern aspects of one-stage dental implantation in the aesthetic zone of the upper jaw with alveolar bone atrophy. Stomatology. 2025;(4):112-115

Justification of the effectiveness of the use of biomimetic extracellular matrix preparation in one-stage implantation. Russian Journal of Stomatology. 2025;(3):19-25

Evaluation of the influence of different methods of processing three types of dental implant surfaces on their morphology and elemental composition in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Russian Journal of Stomatology. 2025;(3):26-33

Protector-retractor device for soft tissues of a surgical angular tip. Russian Journal of Stomatology. 2025;(3):48-54

Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with anhydrotic (hypohydrotic) ectodermal dysplasia: clinical case. Stomatology. 2025;(5):64-72

Ossification of the gum over intraosseal implant. Russian Journal of Archive of Pathology. 2024;(6):70-73

Abstract:

The high primary stability of dental implants provides a favorable prognosis for orthopedic treatment with implant-supported structures. The importance of assessing the stability and the bone tissue surrounding the implant as a whole is due to the fact that the process of osseointegration is a structural and functional connection between the bone and the loaded surface of the implant. Determination of the dynamics of the stability of dental implants allows timely monitoring of unpredictable changes at the stages of osseointegration and remodeling of bone tissue around the implant. Currently, in addition to clinical and radiation diagnostic methods, there are generally recognized by clinicians frequency resonance analysis and periotestometry. However, there are some scientific discrepancies indicating the lack of objectivity of these methods and the impossibility of their full-fledged application without the support of radiation and clinical diagnostic methods. In addition to these methods, there are many experimental and less common methods in clinical practice for assessing the primary stability of implants, but with reasonable objectivity. Thus, the reasons are given that for a full assessment of the relationship between the efforts exerted on implants and their movements in the space of bone tissue, devices are needed that reflect the stability and density of the contact of the implant with bone tissue in physical quantities. In particular, methods based on lasers, sound, quantitative ultrasound, and others have found experimental practical application. The ultrasound method of assessing the primary stability of the implant is estimated as the most promising, since it allows you to demonstrate the results of studies in certain physical quantities, as well as to compare these results with histomorphological indicators of osseointegration of dental implants.

Keywords:

dental implantation

primary stability of dental implants

osseointegration

methods for estimating stability of implants

frequency-resonance analysis

method of quantitative ultrasound

Authors:

Gus’kov A.V.

Ryazan State Medical University

Oleinikov A.A.

Ryazan State Medical University

Domashkevich N.S.

Ryazan State Medical University

Osman A.

Ryazan State Medical University

Received:

09.03.2021

Accepted:

06.04.2021

Close metadata

References:

Gus’kov AV, Mitin NE, Zimankov DA, Mirnigmatova DB, Grishin MI. Dental implants: state of the question today (literature review). Klinicheskaya stomatologiya. 2017;82(2):32-34. (In Russ.).
Sudebnaya stomatologiya: uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov. Romodanovskii PO, Barinov EKh (eds). M.: Yurait; 2020. (In Russ.).
Seregin SS. On the question of dental implantation follow-up and results assessment in patients with risk factors. Stomatologiya. 2016;95(1):73-76. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat201695173-76
Khelminskaya NM, Kravets VI, Goncharova AV, Krasnov NM. On efficiency and prospects of use of blood plasma in complex substitution and limitation of bone defects of jaws. Meditsinskii al’manakh. 2015;38(3):199-202. (In Russ.).
Novochadov VV, Gaifullin NM, Zalewski DA, Semenov PS, Shemonaev VI. The chitosan-coated implants with bioactive surface demonstrate improved characteristics of osseointegration in rats. Rossiiskii mediko-biologicheskii vestnik im. akad. I.P. Pavlova. 2013;21(2):30-35. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17816/PAVLOVJ2013230-35
Kalra S, Tripathi T, Rai P, Kanase A. Evaluation of orthodontic mini-implant placement: a CBCT study. Prog Orthod. 2014;15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-014-0061-x
Papageorgiou S, Kloukos D, Petridis H, Pandis N. Publication of statistically significant research findings in prosthodontics & implant dentistry in the context of other dental specialties. J Dent. 2015;43(10):1195-1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2015.08.005
Branemark R, Branemark PI, Rydevik B, Myers R. Osseointegration in skeletal reconstruction and rehabilitation: A review. J Rehabil Res Devel. 2001; 38(2):175-181.
Branemark PI. Osseointegration and its experimental background. J Prosthet Dent. 1983;50(3):399-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3913(83)80101-2
Mangano FG, Pires JT, Shibli JA, et al. Early Bone Response to Dual Acid-Etched and Machined Dental Implants Placed in the Posterior Maxilla: A Histologic and Histomorphometric Human Study. Implant Dent. 2017; 26(1):24-29. https://doi.org/10.1097/ID.0000000000000511
Poroysky SV, Mikhalchenko DV, Yarigina EN, Khvostov SN, Zhidovinov AV. On the osseointergration of dental implants and methods of its stimulation. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta. 2015; (55)3:6-9. (In Russ.).
Panahov NA, Mahmudov TG. The stability level of dental implants in different periods of functioning. Problemy stomatologii. 2018;(14)1:89-93. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/2077-7566-2018-100017
Vorobyov AA, Shemonaev VI, Mikhaltchenko DV, Velitchko AS. A view of dental implantation in the light of modern research advances. Byulleten’ Volgogradskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAMN. 2009;22(2):19-24. (In Russ.).
Kulakov AA, Kasparov AS, Porfenchuk DA. Factors affecting osteointegration and the use of early functional load to reduce the duration of treatment in dental implantation. Stomatologiya. 2019;(98)4:107-115. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat201998041107
Kang DY, Kim M, Lee SJ. Early implant failure: a retrospective analysis of contributing factors. J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2019;49(5):287-298. https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2019.49.5.287
Sivolella S, Bressan E, Salata LA, Urrutia ZA, Lang NP, Botticelli D. Osteogenesis at implants without primary bone contact — an experimental study in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(5):542-549. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02423.x
Volkov AV, Smbatyan BS, Nazaryan DN, Muraev AA. A novel morphometric nomenclature to evaluate osseointegration of intraosseous implants. Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine. 2018;10(3):7-13. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2018.10.3.1
Dobrovolskaya OV. Determination of stability of implants as an objective method for predicting and evaluating efficiency treatment in dental implantology. Vestnik problem biologii i meditsiny. 2019;1-153(4):311-315. (In Ukr.). https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2019-4-1-153-311-315
Eroshin VA, Dzhalalova MV, Bagdasaryan GG, Arutyunov SD, Antonik MM, Stepanov AG. Condition of readiness of dental implants to functional loads. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamental’nykh issledovanii. 2017;(5-1):66-71. (In Russ.).
Wang S, Liu GR, Hoang KC, Guo Y. Identifiable range of osseointegration of dental implants through resonance frequency analysis. Med Eng Phys. 2010;32(10):1094-1106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.07.015
Meredith N. A review of nondestructive test methods and their application to measure the stability and osseointegration of bone anchored endosseous implants. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1998;26(4):275-291. https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v26.i4.20
Rahman SA, Muhammad H, Haque S, Alam MK. Periodic Assessment of Peri-implant Tissue Changes: Imperative for Implant Success. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2019;20(2):173-178.
Meredith N, Alleyne D, Cawley P. Quantitative determination of the stability of the implant-tissue interface using resonance frequency analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1996;7(3):261-267. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070308.x
Seong WJ, Kim UK, Swift JQ, Hodges JS, Ko CC. Correlations between physical properties of jawbone and dental implant initial stability. J Prosthet Dent. 2009;101(5):306-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(09)60062-7
Lukyanenko AA, Kazantseva IA. Experience in application of resonance frequency analysis for estimation of implant stability and osseointegration. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2014;(4):291-292. (In Russ.).
Fischer K, Bäckström M, Sennerby L. Immediate and early loading of oxidized tapered implants in the partially edentulous maxilla: a 1-year prospective clinical, radiographic, and resonance frequency analysis study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2009;11(2):69-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2008.00096.x
Turkyilmaz I, Sennerby L, Tumer C, Yenigul M, Avci M. Stability and marginal bone level measurements of unsplinted implants used for mandibular overdentures: a 1-year randomized prospective clinical study comparing early and conventional loading protocols. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17(5): 501-505. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01261.x
Miyamoto I, Tsuboi Y, Wada E, Suwa H, Iizuka T. Influence of cortical bone thickness and implant length on implant stability at the time of surgery — clinical, prospective, biomechanical, and imaging study. Bone. 2005;37(6): 776-780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2005.06.019
Sennerby L, Persson LG, Berglundh T, Wennerberg A, Lindhe J. Implant stability during initiation and resolution of experimental periimplantitis: an experimental study in the dog. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2005;7(3):136-140. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00057.x
Gedrange T, Hietschold V, Mai R, Wolf P, Nicklisch M, Harzer W. An evaluation of resonance frequency analysis for the determination of the primary stability of orthodontic palatal implants. A study in human cadavers. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005;16(4):425-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01134.x
Nkenke E, Hahn M, Weinzierl K, Radespiel-Tröger M, Neukam FW, Engelke K. Implant stability and histomorphometry: a correlation study in human cadavers using stepped cylinder implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003; 14(5):601-609. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.00937.x
Glauser R, Sennerby L, Meredith N, Rée A, Lundgren A, Gottlow J, Hämmerle C HF. Resonance frequency analysis of implants subjected to immediate or early functional occlusal loading. Successful vs. failing implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2004;15(4):428-434. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01036.x
Vanden Bogaerde L, Rangert B, Wendelhag I. Immediate/early function of Brånemark System TiUnite implants in fresh extraction sockets in maxillae and posterior mandibles: an 18-month prospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2005;7(suppl 1):121-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00084.x
Yeroshin VA, Dzhalalova MV, Boyko AV, Arutyunov SD, Stepanov AG. Quotients of longitudinal stability for dental implants. Rossiiskii zhurnal biomekhaniki. 2016;20(3)236-248. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15593/RZhBiomeh/2016.3.04
Yeroshin VA, Arutyunov SD, Arutyunov AS, Unanyan VYe, Boyko AV. Mobility of dental implants: devices and diagnostic methods. Rossiiskii zhurnal biomekhaniki. 2009;13(2-44):34-48. (In Russ.).
Boiko AV. Determination of strength retention of dental implants. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo mediko-stomatologicheskogo universiteta. 2010;(4):187-196. (In Russ.).
Trisi P, De Benedittis S, Perfetti G, Berardi D. Primary stability, insertion torque and bone density of cylindric implant ad modum Branemark: is there a relationship? An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011;22(5):567-570. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02036.x
Rabel A, Köhler SG, Schmidt-Westhausen AM. Clinical study on the primary stability of two dental implant systems with resonance frequency analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2007;11(3):257-265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-007-0115-2
Norton M. Primary stability versus viable constrain t — a need to redefine. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28(1):19-21.
Nedir R, Bischof M, Szmukler-Moncler S, Bernard JP, Samson J. Predicting osseointegration by means of implant primary stability. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2004;15(5):520-528. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01059.x
Huwiler MA, Pjetursson BE, Bosshardt DD, Salvi GE, Lang NP. Resonance frequency analysis in relation to jawbone characteristics and during early healing of implant installation. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2007;18(3):275-280. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01336.x
Meredith N. Assessment of implant stability as a prognostic determinant. Int J Prosthodont. 1998;11(5):491-501.
Dobrovolska OV. Study of implant movability by periotest technique. Aktual’nі problemi suchasnoї meditsini: Vіsnik ukraїns’koї medichnoї stomatologіchnoї akademії. 2009;9(4):172-173. (In Russ.).
Tymofieiev AA, Ushko NA, Tymofieiev AA, Yarifa MA, Fesenko IeI. Indicators of teeth in periotestometrii healthy people. Sovremennaya stomatologiya. 2016;82(3):71-73. (In Russ.).
Mullodzhanov GE, Ashurov GG. Analysis of modern look at processes of the integration of dental implants in bone tissues. Vestnik poslediplomnogo obrazovaniya v sfere zdravookhraneniya. 2016;(1):71-75. (In Russ.).
Kulakov AA, Grigor’ian AS, Arkhipov AV. Impact of surface modifications of dental implants on their integration potential. Stomatologiya. 2012;91(6):75-77. (In Russ.).
Eroshin VA, Dzhalalova MV, Boyko AV, Arutyunov SD, Stepanov AG, Daov AN. Mobility of dental implants: new capability of a known device. Rossiiskii zhurnal biomekhaniki. 2015;19(3):273-281. (In Russ.).
Mahesh L, Narayan T, Kostakis G, Shukla S. Periotest values of implants placed in sockets augmented with calcium phosphosilicate putty graft: a comparative analysis against implants placed in naturally healed sockets. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2014;15(2):181-185. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1511
Mistry G, Shetty O, Shetty Sh, Singh RD. Measuring implant stability: A review of different methods. J Dental Implants. 2014;4(2):165-169. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-6781.140891
LaMalfa Ribolla E, Rizzo P. Modeling the electromechanical impedance technique for the assessment of dental implant stability. J Biomech. 2015; 48(10):1713-1720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.05.020
Atsumi M, Park SH, Wang HL. Methods used to assess implant stability: current status. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22(5):743-754.
De Almeida M, Maciel C, Pereira J. Proposal for an Ultrasonic Tool to Monitor the Osseointegration of Dental Implants. Sensors. 2007;7(7):1224-1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/s7071224
Vayron R, Soffer E, Anagnostou F, Haïat G. Ultrasonic evaluation of dental implant osseointegration. J Biomech. 2014;47(14):3562-3568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.011
Pearce AI, Richards RG, Milz S, Schneider E, Pearce SG. Animal models for implant biomaterial research in bone: a review. Eur Cell Mater. 2007;13:1-10. https://doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v013a01