Objective — to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasound diagnosis in patients with scar endometriosis after laparotomy and surgical treatment. Subject and methods. The investigation conducted at the Department of Gynecology, Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2012 to 2016 enrolled 20 patients aged 24 to 42 years with anterior abdominal wall endometriosis in the scar area following laparotomy, including 4 patients with recurrent disease, deep infiltrative growth involving the sigmoid colon and bladder and 2 patients with endometrioid infiltration in the umbilical region. Color Doppler ultrasonic scanning of the anterior abdominal wall, abdominal and small pelvic organs was an integral part of preoperative preparation. Results. Endometrioid infiltration was removed in all the 20 (100%) patients: the operation was extended to panhysterectomy (due to the common form of endometriosis and uterine myoma) in 1 (5%) case; myomectomy was carried out in 2 (10%) cases; sigmoid colon and bladder infiltrations were removed in 2 (10%) and 2 (10%) cases, respectively. In reproductive-aged patients with painful indurations around the scar following laparotomy with cyclic or continuous pain in the lower abdomen, a careful ultrasound examination with color Doppler of the anterior abdominal wall, abdominal and small pelvic organs is obligatory and makes the diagnosis of anterior abdominal wall endometriosis much easier; however, this does not always accurately determine the extent of the process and the depth of lesion. Conclusion. Surgical removal of endometrioid infiltrations in the postoperative scar is the only reasonable pathoanatomically justified treatment that can prevent disease recurrence and improves the quality of life in 100% of cases.