The discovery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has marked the advent of a "new age" in the treatment of inflammation and pain symptoms. Their application has been shown to produce, along with many positive effects, some negative ones. Long-term studies in this area have until recently failed to significantly reduce the risk of side effects of therapy with the use of NSAIDs. However, the discovery of a fundamentally important aspect of the physiological action of NSAIDs has led to the development of a novel drug, nimesulid, in the 1980s. Its distinctive feature is the selective action on the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 that functions as a direct inducer of the inflammatory reaction, and, consequently, of pain. This accounts for the minimal risk of side effects of nimesulid intake and the enhancement of its anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. The objective of the present study was to estimate the possibility of using nimesulid for the treatment of periodontal pathology.