The prevalence of chronic ENT diseases in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is higher than population-based data. As the CD4 lymphocyte count in the blood of HIV-infected patients decreased, there was redistribution of patients from the chronic rhinitis group to the chronic sinusitis group, as confirmed by the reduction in the prevalence of chronic rhinitis (16.8±2.3 with CD4 <200 µl–1) and by the increase in that of chronic sinusitis (15.3±2.2 with CD4 <200 µl–1). The clinical efficacy of antiretroviral therapy was confirmed as illustrated by the prevalence of chronic diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. There was a lower detection rate of chronic rhinitis (with HIV RNA>500 ml–1 — 26.4±6.1, HIV RNA ≤500 ml–1 — 16.1±4.9) and chronic sinusitis (with HIV RNA >500 ml–1 — 15.1±4.9, HIV RNA ≤500 ml–1 — 10.7±4.1) at low viral load.