Objective — to study prophylactic activity among the patients of local outpatient facilities (OPFs) in preventing and modifying behavioral risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) for the substantiation of proposals to improve medical prevention of these diseases in a regional primary healthcare facility. Subject and methods. A social survey of patients visiting their local OPFs was conducted to study the effectiveness of real primary healthcare practice in informing the patients about diseases, risk factors, prophylactic medical examination and its results, and case follow-up, which is essential prophylactic counseling elements in both routine practice and during prophylactic examination and allows the prophylactic activity of physicians and patients to be characterized. The patients were surveyed in 6 Tula polyclinics and 2 Tula Regional polyclinics according to the pre-made survey schedule, by taking into account outpatient visits within all days of a week. Results. A total of 1581 patients from the OPFs of Tula and its region were surveyed; more than half of the patients were followed up by therapists and had major CNCDs. 65.8% of the scheduled patients underwent prophylactic medical examination. The survey showed that the patients who had undergone prophylactic medical examination during prophylactic counseling were unaware of the results of a medical examination and that CNCD patients, young ones in particular, were incompletely followed up. In parallel with this, the survey demonstrated that the outpatient therapists were collaborating with medical prevention structures — in 65.2% of cases the therapists advised their patients to visit preventive medicine rooms or units or health centers to undergo in-depth prophylactic counseling. Recommendations to prevent and modify risk factors are more frequently given to patients with CNCD than to those without diseases at high cardiovascular risk. Conclusion. The survey indicated that enhancing the effectiveness of prophylactic counseling during both everyday receptions and prophylactic medical examinations should be priority measures to improve the medical prevention of CNDC in the primary healthcare facilities. To improve the quality of prophylactic counseling in patients at high cardiovascular risk, to expand the scope of medical care to quit tobacco smoking, and to increase the coverage of counselling in patients on risk factors require special attention.