BACKGRAUND

Placental insufficiency (PI) is a predictor of fetal growth retardation (FGR). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may be a risk factor for PI and FGR. There are no data in the literature demonstrating the effect of threatening late miscarriage on serum FABP4, and determination of serum FABP4 concentration for the prediction of FGR has not been performed before.

OBJECTIVE

To compare serum FABP4 concentrations in women with GDM and threatened late miscarriage diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy and in women with threatened late miscarriage diagnosed in the second trimester without GDM, and to develop a new method for predicting FGR.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study enrolled 62 women from 13 to 22 weeks’ gestation. They were divided into equal groups: the main group included 31 patients with GDM and threatened late miscarriage diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy; the comparison group included 31 women with threatened late miscarriage diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy. Serum FABP4 concentrations were determined by ELISA. Inclusion period: December 2020. — May 2022. The following programs were used for statistical processing: «SPSS Statistics 26.0», «Statistica for Windows 10.0», «Microsoft Excel 2007», «MedCals» and «OpenEpi».

RESULTS

The number of children underweight for gestational age was higher in the main group than in the comparison group (15 (48.39), 7 (22.58), p=0.0453). Analysis of the results showed a higher serum FABP4 concentration in women in the study group (14.87 ng/ml (9.598; 22.015); 8.49 ng/ml (6.9325; 16.465); p=0.046). A method was developed to predict the development of FGR in women from 13 to 22 weeks’ gestation with GDM and threatened late miscarriage diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy and was 90.3% accurate.

CONCLUSIONS

Thus, high serum FABP4 concentrations in pregnant women can be classified as a probable pathogenetic factor in the development of FGR.