It was done an assessment of efficiency and long-term results of coronary artery bypass grafting by using of microsurgical technique. The study included 500 patients operated routinely for coronary heart disease in 1986-1991 by using of microsurgical technique. Early results were assessed in all patients (332 cases after autovenous CABG and 168 after CABG by using of internal thoracic arteries (ITA) and autovena). The long-term results were studied in 389 patients (256 after autovenous CABG and 133 after CABG by using of internal thoracic arteries (ITA) and autovena). In the early postoperative period statistically insignificant differences were determined in mortality (3.9% in the group of autovenous CABG and 2.2% in the group using the internal thoracic arteries) and in frequency of non-fatal myocardial infarction (6.8 and 4.8% respectively). In long-term period total mortality was higher to 10 years after operation in the group of autovenous CABG (27.0%) in comparison with the group using the internal thoracic arteries (15.8%, p=0.014). Also similar relationship was determined to 20 years of observation (66.9 and 53.7% respectively, p=0.026). Significant differences relatively recurrences of angina were marked after 1 year (29.6 and 12.3%, p<0.001). These differences persisted to 5 years of observation (46.3 and 22.4%, p<0.001) with the worst results in autovenous CABG group. The frequency of non-fatal myocardial infarction was higher after autovenous CABG in comparison with use of internal thoracic arteries at all stages, reaching statistical significance to10 (22.0 and 12.2%, p=0.042) and 15 years (51.4 and 43.2%, p=0.019) of observation. It was concluded that CABG technique may be considered as an independent prognostic factor of survival and results of operations in the early and long-term postoperative period. And this factor may be more important than progression of atherosclerotic process.