Impairment of the function of swallowing-Dysphagia (D) — (from dis- and Greek. phagein — eat, swallow) — clinical symptom-difficulty or discomfort in moving the food lump from the mouth to the stomach, resulting from a violation of the passage of food from the mouth to the stomach. A special form of oropharyngeal dysphagia, called postextubation dysphagia (PED), was first discovered in 1991 by oral myography in extubated patients. According to scattered non-randomized studies, about 60% of intubated patients show signs of dysphagia, about 50% with aspiration. It was shown that in 51% of cases of PED) develops after prolonged intubation (>48 h). Sepsis in combination with tracheostomy leads to the development of pEd in 63% of cases (23% of cases without tracheostomy). Indications for screening of ICU patients for dysphagia are still formulated in the recommendation of the Union of rehabilitation Specialists of the Russian Federation only for patients with neurological pathology and include «three-pharyngeal test» and endoscopic techniques (video fluoroscopy and fibrolaryngoscopy). As for treatment, there is little data, and they are limited to the experience of individual clinics. In particular, the experience of the Clinic of the Institute of the Brain the use of individual algorithmization program of nutritional rehabilitation, based on the V-VST (Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test) test for the selection of the texture of food, ensure safe swallowing, showed its efficiency in 87% of cases (Leiderman IN 2017). Analysis of the literature and their own experience led the authors to the idea that to prevent the development of aspiration malting postextubation dysphagia can be, if the first day to replace conventional water on a standardized thickened drink such as syrup or jelly. To test the hypothesis, it is proposed to conduct a multicenter study on the basis of clinics with rehabilitation multidisciplinary teams of clinical speech therapists.