Objective. To study peculiarities of the support therapy and factors hampering the compliance in psychiatric outpatients. Material and methods. We questioned 1042 patients with mental diseases and 580 persons in their close social environment using the method of anonymous social questionnaire. Results. The most of the respondents (78.2%) received «classic» psychotropic drugs, 21.8% — the drugs of new generations. One third of the patients (37.56%) did not take the prescribed medicine. The reasons for refusal were: polypragmasia (74.39%), poor drug tolerance (38.17%), the complex scheme of drug dosage regimen, the negative experience of the previous therapy (35.62%) and the lack of information about peculiarities of the disease (59.73%). Conclusion. Introduction of methods of psychosocial rehabilitation, in particular, psychoeducational and multiprofessional treatment programs, is required for psychiatric practice to improve the quality of outpatient care.