The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Login
EN
+7 (495) 482-4118
+7 (495) 482-4329
+8 800 250-18-12
  • (toll-free number for subscriptions)
    Mon-Fri from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

  • © 1998-2026
+7 (495) 482-43-29
EN
All journals
Journal
Year
Year
Search result: 0

Khasanova L.T.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Stakhovskaya L.V.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Koltsova E.A.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Shamalov N.A.

Research Institute of cerebrovascular pathology and stroke of the Pirogov Russian national research medical University, Moscow, Russia

Genetic characteristics of stroke

Authors:

Khasanova L.T., Stakhovskaya L.V., Koltsova E.A., Shamalov N.A.

More about the authors

Journal: S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2019;119(12‑2): 65‑72

DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911912265

Read: 9628 times

Contact the author
Table of contents

GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STROKE
GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STROKE

To cite this article:

Khasanova LT, Stakhovskaya LV, Koltsova EA, Shamalov NA. Genetic characteristics of stroke. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2019;119(12‑2):65‑72. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro201911912265

Подписка 2026 Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски (S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry (special issues))
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
Close metadata
Recommended articles:
Primary progressive apha­sia in the neurologist practice. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):61-66
Cognitive impairment after major surgical operations. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):74-80
Approaches to medi­cal reha­bilitation of patients with post-stroke hemianopsia. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(8-2):20-25
Epileptogenesis and risk factors of symptomatic epileptic seizures in patients with acute cere­brovascular acci­dents. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(8-2):26-31
Effe­ctiveness of “brain—computer” inte­rfaces with biofeedback in the reha­bilitation of cognitive impairment after a stroke. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(8-2):54-60
Features of speech reha­bilitation in various types of post-stroke dysa­rthria. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(8-2):61-66
Sex and age characteristics of stroke risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(8-2):89-97
Prevalence and characteristics of risk factors for cere­brovascular disease in overweight. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(5):118-124
Socio-economic damage caused by elevated low-density lipo­protein cholesterol levels. Medi­cal Technologies. Asse­ssment and Choice. 2025;(2):88-98
Prediction of restoration of functional acti­vity of pare­tic limbs in patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke. Problems of Balneology, Physiotherapy and Exercise Therapy. 2025;(3):31-40
Abstract:

In the recent years there is a growing interest in identification of additional genetic factors of stroke. A growing body of evidence supports the role of genetic factors in determining the risk of both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. The article considers the main genes associated with susceptibility to stroke and genetic polymorphisms associated with the disease. Genetic factors, modulating inflammation process, coagulation, lipid metabolism, NO formation, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and homeostasis play a significant role in stroke development. A comprehensive analysis of different genes associated with stroke may help to detect individuals with extremely high risk of stroke and implement timely preventive measures to decrease stroke burden.

Keywords:

stroke
risk factor
genes
polymorphism
genetic testing

Authors:

Khasanova L.T.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Stakhovskaya L.V.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Koltsova E.A.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

Shamalov N.A.

Research Institute of cerebrovascular pathology and stroke of the Pirogov Russian national research medical University, Moscow, Russia

Close metadata

References:

  1. Filippov EV, Petrov VS, Okorokov VG. CAD, myocardial infarction and stroke. Prevalence, associations, impact on outcomes (according to the MERIDIAN-RO study). Medicinskij Sovet. 2015;8:14-21. (In Russ.)
  2. Donkor ES. Stroke in the 21st Century: A Snapshot of the Burden, Epidemiology, and Quality of Life. Stroke Res Treat. 2018;3238165. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3238165
  3. Venketasubramanian N, Yoon BW, Pandian J, Navarro JC. Stroke Epidemiology in South, East, and South-East Asia: A Review. J Stroke. 2017;19(3):286-294. https://doi.org/10.5853/jos.2017.00234
  4. Meshkova KS, Gudkova VV, Stakhovskaya LV. Risk factors and prevention of stroke. Zemskij Vrach. 2013;2(19):16-19. (In Russ.)
  5. Sacco RL, Boden-Albala B, Abel G, Lin IF, Elkind M, Hauser WA, Paik MC, Shea S. Race-ethnic disparities in the impact of stroke risk factors: the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Stroke. 2001;32:1725-1731. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.32.8.1725
  6. Mc Gruder HF, Malarcher AM, Antoine TL, Greenlund KJ, Croft JB. Racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular Risk factors among stroke survivors (USA 1999—2001). Stroke. 2004;35:1557-1561. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000130427.84114.50
  7. Korchagin VI, Mironov KO, Dribnokhodova OP, Maxsimova MU, Illarioshkin SN, Tanashyn MM, Platonov AE, Shipulin GA, Raskurazhev AA, Piradov MA. A role of genetic factors in the development of individual predisposition to ischemic stroke. Annaly Klinicheskoj i Eksperimental’noj Nevrologii. 2016;10(1):65-75. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.1134/s0362119717080047
  8. Kimelfeld EI, Koltsova EA, Petrova EA, Gudkova VV, Stahovskaya LV, Tupitsyna TV, Bondarenko EA, Slominsky PA, Limborska SA. The association of hemostasis system genes with the development of ischemic stroke in patients under the age of 50 years. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psihiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2018;118(9-2):14-21. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro201811809214
  9. Shishkova VN, Adasheva TV, Remenik AYu, Valyaeva VN, Shklovsky VM. Prognostic significance of clinical-anthropometric, biochemical, metabolic, vascular-inflammatory and molecular-genetic markers in the development of the first ischemic stroke. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psihiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2018;118(2):4-11. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2018118214-11
  10. Tupitsyna TV, Bondarenko EA, Slominsky PA, Limborska SA, Shetova IM, Shamalov NA, Timofeev DY, Skvortsova VI. Association of rs10912745 and rs4916375 polymorphisms located in the cluster of flavin-containing monooxygenase genes, with ischaemic cardioembolic stroke. Genetika. 2012;48(5):672 (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795412040138
  11. Bevan S, Traylor M, Adib-Samii P, Malik R, Paul NL, Jackson C, Farrall M, Rothwell PM, Sudlow C, Dichgans M, Markus HS. Genetic heritability of ischemic stroke and the contribution of previously reported candidate gene and genomewide associations. Stroke. 2012;43:3161-3167. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.112.665760
  12. Flossmann E, Schulz UG, Rothwell PM. Systematic review of methods and results of studies of the genetic epidemiology of ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2004;35:212-227. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000107187.84390.aa
  13. Schulz UG, Flossmann E, Rothwell PM. Heritability of ischemic stroke in relation to age, vascular risk factors, and subtypes of incident stroke in population-based studies. Stroke. 2004;35:819-824. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000121646.23955.0f
  14. Pastore D, Pacifici F, Capuani B, Palmirotta R, Dong C, Coppola A, Abete P, Roselli M, Sbraccia P, Guadagni F, Lauro D, Rundek T, Della-Morte D. Sex-Genetic Interaction in the Risk for Cerebrovascular Disease. Curr Med Chem. 2017;24(24):2687-2699. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170417100318
  15. Matsushima T, Conedera S, Tanaka R, Li Y, Yoshino H, Funayama M, Ikeda A, Hosaka Y, Okuzumi A, Shimada Y, Yamashiro K, Motoi Y, Nishioka K, Hattori N. Genotype-phenotype correlations of cysteine replacement in CADASIL. Neurobiol Aging. 2017;50:169.e7-169.e14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.10.026
  16. Muiño E, Gallego-Fabrega C, Cullell N, Carrera C, Torres N, Krupinski J, Roquer J, Montaner J, Fernández-Cadenas I. Systematic Review of Cysteine-Sparing NOTCH3 Missense Mutations in Patients with Clinical Suspicion of CADASIL. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(9):1964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18091964
  17. Menezes Cordeiro I, Nzwalo H, Sa F, Ferreira RB, Alonso I, Afonso L, Basílio C. Shifting the carasil paradigm: Report of a non-asian family and literature review. Stroke. 2015;46:1110-1112. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.114.006735
  18. Bougea A. Do heterozygous HTRA1 mutations carriers form a distinct clinical entity? CNS Neurosci Ther. 2018;24(12):1299-1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.13047
  19. Zimmermann MT, Urrutia R, Cousin MA, Oliver GR, Klee EW. Assessing Human Genetic Variations in Glucose Transporter SLC2A10 and Their Role in Altering Structural and Functional Properties. Front Genet. 2018;9:276. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00276
  20. Syu YW, Lai HW, Jiang CL, Tsai HY, Lin CC, Lee YC. GLUT10 maintains the integrity of major arteries through regulation of redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function. Hum Mol Genet. 2018;27(2):307-321. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddx401
  21. Block F, Dafotakis M. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Stroke Medicine. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017;114(3):37-42. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2017.0037
  22. Gündoğdu AA, Kotan D, Alemdar M, Ayas ZÖ. Fabry Disease Diagnosis in a Young Stroke Patient: A Case Report. Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2018;55(3):291-292. https://doi.org/10.5152/npa.2017.19189
  23. Wang W, Zhuang Q, Ji K, Wen B, Lin P, Zhao Y, Li W, Yan C. Identification of miRNA, lncRNA and mRNA-associated ceRNA networks and potential biomarker for MELAS with mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation. Sci Rep. 2017;7:41639. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41639
  24. Leong O, Andersen E, Yiu EM, Green D, Mackay MT, Elder JE, Howell KB. Fixed dilated pupils: Clues to an ACTA2 mutation allowing early stroke prevention. J Paediatr Child Health. 2016;52(8):842-846. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13251
  25. Ariesen MJ, Claus SP, Rinkel GJ, Algra A. Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in the general population: A systematic review. Stroke. 2003;34:2060-2065. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000080678.09344.8D
  26. Woo D, Sauerbeck LR, Kissela BM, Khoury JC, Szaflarski JP, Gebel J, Shukla R, Pancioli AM, Jauch EC, Menon AG, Deka R, Carrozzella JA, Moomaw CJ, Fontaine RN, Broderick JP. Genetic and environmental risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage: Preliminary results of a population-based study. Stroke. 2002;33:1190-1195. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000014774.88027.22
  27. Devan WJ, Falcone GJ, Anderson CD, Jagiella JM, Schmidt H, Hansen BM, Jimenez-Conde J, Giralt-Steinhauer E, Cuadrado-Godia E, Soriano C, Ayres AM, Schwab K, Kassis SB, Valant V, Pera J, Urbanik A, Viswanathan A, Rost NS, Goldstein JN, Freudenberger P, Stögerer EM, Norrving B, Tirschwell DL, Selim M, Brown DL, Silliman SL, Worrall BB, Meschia JF, Kidwell CS, Montaner J, Fernandez-Cadenas I, Delgado P, Greenberg SM, Roquer J, Lindgren A, Slowik A, Schmidt R, Woo D, Rosand J, Biffi A; International Stroke Genetics Consortium. Heritability estimates identify a substantial genetic contribution to risk and outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2013;44:1578-1583. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000089
  28. Wnuk M, Pera J, Jagiełła J, Szczygieł E, Ferens A, Spisak K, Wołkow P, Kmieć M, Burkot J, Chrzanowska-Waśko J, Turaj W, Słowik A. The rs2200733 variant on chromosome 4q25 is a risk factor for cardioembolic stroke related to atrial fibrillation in Polish patients. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2011;45(2):148-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3843(14)60026-8
  29. Alhazzani AA, Kumar A, Selim M. Association between Factor V Gene Polymorphism and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: An Updated Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018;27(5):1252-1261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.12.006
  30. Jiang B, Ryan KA, Hamedani A, Cheng Y, Sparks MJ, Koontz D, Bean CJ, Gallagher M, Hooper WC, McArdle PF, O’Connell JR, Stine OC, Wozniak MA, Stern BJ, Mitchell BD, Kittner SJ, Cole JW. Prothrombin G20210A mutation is associated with young-onset stroke: the genetics of early-onset stroke study and meta-analysis. Prothrombin G20210A mutation is associated with young-onset stroke: the genetics of early-onset stroke study and meta-analysis. Stroke. 2014;45(4):961-967. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.004063
  31. Zhang XF, Luo TY. Association between the FGB gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(1):1741-1747. https://doi.org/10.4238/2015.March.6.21
  32. Shemirani AH, Antalfi B, Pongrácz E, Mezei ZA, Bereczky Z, Csiki Z. Factor XIII-A subunit Val34Leu polymorphism in fatal atherothrombotic ischemic stroke. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2014;25(4):364-368. https://doi.org/10.1097/MBC.0000000000000055
  33. Hanscombe KB, Traylor M, Hysi PG, Bevan S, Dichgans M, Rothwell PM, Worrall BB, Seshadri S, Sudlow C; METASTROKE Consortium; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2, Williams FM, Markus HS, Lewis CM. Genetic Factors Influencing Coagulation Factor XIII B-Subunit Contribute to Risk of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2015;46(8):2069-2074. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.009387
  34. Williams SR, Hsu FC, Keene KL, Chen WM, Dzhivhuho G, Rowles JL 3rd, Southerland AM, Furie KL, Rich SS, Worrall BB, Sale MM; GARNET (The Genomics and Randomized Trials Network) Collaborative Research Group. Genetic Drivers of von Willebrand Factor Levels in an Ischemic Stroke Population and Association With Risk for Recurrent Stroke. Stroke. 2017;48(6):1444-1450. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015677
  35. Hu X, Zan X, Xie Z, Li Y, Lin S, Li H, You C. Association Between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Genetic Polymorphisms and Stroke Susceptibility. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54(1):328-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9549-8
  36. Yue YH, Liu LY, Hu L, Li YM, Mao JP, Yang XY, Dila NM. The association of lipid metabolism relative gene polymorphisms and ischemic stroke in Han and Uighur population of Xinjiang. Lipids Health Dis. 2017;16(1):120. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-017-0491-9
  37. Au A, Griffiths LR, Irene L, Kooi CW, Wei LK. The impact of APOA5, APOB, APOC3 and ABCA1 gene polymorphisms on ischemic stroke: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2017;265:60-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.08.003
  38. Biffi A, Sonni A, Anderson CD, Kissela B, Jagiella JM, Schmidt H, Jimenez-Conde J, Hansen BM, Fernandez-Cadenas I, Cortellini L, Ayres A, Schwab K, Juchniewicz K, Urbanik A, Rost NS, Viswanathan A, Seifert-Held T, Stoegerer EM, Tomás M, Rabionet R, Estivill X, Brown DL, Silliman SL, Selim M, Worrall BB, Meschia JF, Montaner J, Lindgren A, Roquer J, Schmidt R, Greenberg SM, Slowik A, Broderick JP, Woo D, Rosand J; International Stroke Genetics Consortium. Variants at APOE influence risk of deep and lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. Ann Neurol. 2010;68:934-943. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.22134
  39. Yoshida T, Kato K, Yokoi K, Oguri M, Watanabe S, Metoki N, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Aoyagi Y, Nozawa Y, Yamada Y. Association of genetic variants with hemorrhagic stroke in Japanese individuals. Int J Mol Med. 2010;25:649-656. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm_00000388
  40. Lee JD, Hsiao KM, Lee TH, Kuo YW, Huang YC, Hsu HL, Lin YH, Wu CY, Huang YC, Lee M, Yang HT, Hsu CY, Pan YT. Genetic polymorphism of LDLR (rs688) is associated with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2014;11:10-15. https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202610666131202115038
  41. Tajbakhsh A, Rezaee M, Rivandi M, Forouzanfar F, Afzaljavan F, Pasdar A. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and stroke; the dilemma of genetic variation. Clin Biochem. 2017;50(18):1298-1305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.08.001
  42. Wei LK, Au A, Menon S, Griffiths LR, Kooi CW, Irene L, Zhao J, Lee C, Alekseevna AM, Hassan MRA, Aziz ZA. Polymorphisms of MTHFR, eNOS, ACE, AGT, ApoE, PON1, PDE4D, and Ischemic Stroke: Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2017;26(11):2482-2493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.05.048
  43. Kumar A, Misra S, Kumar P, Sagar R, Prasad K, Pandit AK, Chakravarty K, Kathuria P, Yadav AK. Association between Endothelial nitric oxide synthase G894T gene polymorphism and risk of ischemic stroke in North Indian population: a case-control study. Neurol Res. 2016;38(7):575-579. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2016.1181376
  44. Das S, Roy S, Sharma V, Kaul S, Jyothy A, Munshi A. Association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism and ACE levels with hemorrhagic stroke: comparison with ischemic stroke. Neurol Sci. 2015;36(1):137-142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-014-1880-8
  45. Kumar A, Prasad K, Vivekanandhan S, Srivastava A, Goswami S, Srivastava MV, Tripathi M. Association between angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and intracerebral haemorrhage in North Indian population: A case control study and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci. 2014;35:1983-1990. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-014-1877-3
  46. Yu Y. The CYP11B2 -344C/T variant is associated with ischemic stroke risk: An updated meta-analysis. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2015;16(2):382-388. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320313492362
  47. Rannikmäe K, Davies G, Thomson PA, Bevan S, Devan WJ, Falcone GJ, Traylor M, Anderson CD, Battey TW, Radmanesh F, Deka R, Woo JG, Martin LJ, Jimenez-Conde J, Selim M, Brown DL, Silliman SL, Kidwell CS, Montaner J, Langefeld CD, Slowik A, Hansen BM, Lindgren AG, Meschia JF, Fornage M, Bis JC, Debette S, Ikram MA, Longstreth WT, Schmidt R, Zhang CR, Yang Q, Sharma P, Kittner SJ, Mitchell BD, Holliday EG, Levi CR, Attia J, Rothwell PM, Poole DL, Boncoraglio GB, Psaty BM, Malik R, Rost N, Worrall BB, Dichgans M, Van Agtmael T, Woo D, Markus HS, Seshadri S, Rosand J, Sudlow CL; METASTROKE Consortium; CHARGE WMH Group; ISGC ICH GWAS Study Collaboration; WMH in Ischemic Stroke GWAS Study Collaboration; International Stroke Genetics Consortium. Common variation in COL4A1/COL4A2 is associated with sporadic cerebral small vessel disease. Neurology. 2015;84:918-926. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001309
  48. Wang P, Yang F, Liu CX, Wu YM, Gu C, Zhu HJ. Association between PDE4D rs966221 polymorphism and risk of ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metab Brain Dis. 2018;33(3):637-645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-0158-2
  49. Huang HT, Lu YL, Wang R, Qin HM, Wang CF, Wang JL, Xiang Y, Guo J, Lan Y, Wei YS. The association of IL-17A polymorphisms with IL-17A serum levels and risk of ischemic stroke. Oncotarget. 2017;8(61):103499-103508. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.21498
  50. Wang P, He Q, Liu C, He SZ, Zhu SY, Li YW, Su W, Xiang ST, Zhao B.. Functional polymorphism rs3783553 in the 3’-untranslated region of IL-1A increased the risk of ischemic stroke: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(46):e8522. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000008522
  51. Liu X, Li Q, Zhu R, He Z. Association of IL-10-1082A/G Polymorphism with Ischemic Stroke: Evidence from a Case-Control Study to an Updated Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2017;21(6):341-350. https://doi.org/10.1089/gtmb.2016.0409
  52. Yamada Y, Metoki N, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Ichihara S, Kato K, Kameyama T, Yokoi K, Matsuo H, Segawa T, Watanabe S, Nozawa Y. Genetic risk for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26:1920-1925. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000229694.97827.38
  53. Chen YC, Hu FJ, Chen P, Wu YR, Wu HC, Chen ST, Lee-Chen GJ, Chen CM. Association of TNF-gene with spontaneous deep intracerebral hemorrhage in the Taiwan population: A case control study. BMC Neurol. 2010;10:41. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-10-41
  54. Kim SK, Park HJ, Kim JW, Chung JH, Yoo SD, Kim DH, Yun DH, Kim HS. T Allele of nonsense polymorphism (rs2039381, Gln71Stop) of interferon-ε is a risk factor for the development of intracerebral hemorrhage. Hum Immunol. 2014;75:88-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2013.09.004
  55. He W, Lu M, Li G, Sun Z, Liu D, Gu L. Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) rs868014 Polymorphism Regulated by miR-1203 Associates with Risk and Short Term Outcome of Ischemic Stroke. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017;41(2):701-710. https://doi.org/10.1159/000458429
  56. Gao S, Li H, Xiao H, Yao G, Shi Y, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yu H. Association of MTHFR 677T variant allele with risk of intracerebral haemorrhage: A meta-analysis. J Neurol Sci. 2012;323:40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2012.07.038
  57. Meng C, Wang J, Ge WN, Tang SC, Xu GM. Correlation between CYP4F2 gene rs2108622 polymorphism and susceptibility to ischemic stroke. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(9):16122-16126.
  58. Gao HH, Gao LB, Wen JM. Genetic polymorphisms in the ESR1 gene and cerebral infarction risk: a meta-analysis. DNA Cell Biol. 2014;33(9):605-615. https://doi.org/10.1089/dna.2013.2270
  59. González-Giraldo Y, Barreto GE, Fava C, Forero DA. Ischemic Stroke and Six Genetic Variants in CRP, EPHX2, FGA, and NOTCH3 Genes: A Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;25(9):2284-2249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.05.020
  60. Yi X, Lin J, Luo H, Wang C, Liu Y. Genetic variants of PTGS2, TXA2R and TXAS1 are associated with carotid plaque vulnerability, platelet activation and TXA2 levels in ischemic stroke patients. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e0180704. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180704
  61. Woo D, Falcone GJ, Devan WJ, Brown WM, Biffi A, Howard TD, Anderson CD, Brouwers HB, Valant V, Battey TW, Radmanesh F, Raffeld MR, Baedorf-Kassis S, Deka R, Woo JG, Martin LJ, Haverbusch M, Moomaw CJ, Sun G, Broderick JP, Flaherty ML, Martini SR, Kleindorfer DO, Kissela B, Comeau ME, Jagiella JM, Schmidt H, Freudenberger P, Pichler A, Enzinger C, Hansen BM, Norrving B, Jimenez-Conde J, Giralt-Steinhauer E, Elosua R, Cuadrado-Godia E, Soriano C, Roquer J, Kraft P, Ayres AM, Schwab K, McCauley JL, Pera J, Urbanik A, Rost NS, Goldstein JN, Viswanathan A, Stögerer EM, Tirschwell DL, Selim M, Brown DL, Silliman SL, Worrall BB, Meschia JF, Kidwell CS, Montaner J, Fernandez-Cadenas I, Delgado P, Malik R, Dichgans M, Greenberg SM, Rothwell PM, Lindgren A, Slowik A, Schmidt R, Langefeld CD, Rosand J; International Stroke Genetics Consortium. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies 1q22 as a susceptibility locus for intracerebral hemorrhage. Am J Hum Genet. 2014;94:511-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.02.012
  62. Navarro-Núñez L, Lozano ML, Rivera J, Corral J, Roldán V, González-Conejero R, Iniesta JA, Montaner J, Vicente V, Martínez C. The association of the beta1-tubulin Q43P polymorphism with intracerebral hemorrhage in men. Haematologica. 2007;92:513-518. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.10689
  63. van Goor MP, Dippel DW, Jie KS, de Maat MP, Koudstaal PJ, Leebeek FW. Low protein Z levels but not the protein Z gene G79A polymorphism are a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Thromb Res. 2008;123(2):213-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2008.02.006
  64. Cole JW, Xu H, Ryan K, Jaworek T, Dueker N, McArdle P, Gaynor B, Cheng YC, O’Connell J, Bevan S, Malik R, Ahmed NU, Amouyel P, Anjum S, Bis JC, Crosslin D, Danesh J, Engelter ST, Fornage M, Frossard P, Gieger C, Giese AK, Grond-Ginsbach C, Ho WK, Holliday E, Hopewell J, Hussain M, Iqbal W, Jabeen S, Jannes J, Kamal A, Kamatani Y, Kanse S, Kloss M, Lathrop M, Leys D, Lindgren A, Longstreth WT Jr, Mahmood K, Meisinger C, Metso TM, Mosley T Jr, Müller-Nurasyid M, Norrving B, Parati E, Peters A, Pezzini A, Quereshi I, Rasheed A, Rauf A, Salam T, Shen J, Słowik A, Stanne T, Strauch K, Tatlisumak T, Thijs VN, Tiedt S, Traylor M, Waldenberger M, Walters M, Zhao W, Boncoraglio G, Debette S, Jern C, Levi C, Markus H, Meschia J, Rolfs A, Rothwell P, Saleheen D, Seshadri S, Sharma P, Sudlow C, Worrall B; METASTROKE Consortium of the ISGC; WTCCC-2 Consortium, Stine OC, Kittner SJ, Mitchell BD. Genetics of the thrombomodulin-endothelial cell protein C receptor system and the risk of early-onset ischemic stroke. PLoS One. 2018;13(11):e0206554. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206554
  65. Mertens JC, Leenaerts D, Brouns R, Engelborghs S, Ieven M, De Deyn PP, Lambeir AM, Hendriks D. Procarboxypeptidase U (proCPU, TAFI, proCPB2) in cerebrospinal fluid during ischemic stroke is associated with stroke progression, outcome and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. J Thromb Haemost. 2018;16(2):342-348. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.13914
  66. Tsai CT, Chang SN, Chang SH, Lee JK, Lin LY, Wu CK, Yu CC, Wang YC, Tseng CD, Lai LP, Hwang JJ, Chiang FT, Lin JL. Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms predict the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a 10-year prospective follow-up study. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11(8):1384-1390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.04.014
  67. Martín A, Domercq M, Matute C. Inflammation in stroke: the role of cholinergic, purinergic and glutamatergic signaling. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018;11:1756286418774267. https://doi.org/10.1177/1756286418774267
  68. Lehotský J, Tothová B, Kovalská M, Dobrota D, Beňová A, Kalenská D, Kaplán P. Role of Homocysteine in the Ischemic Stroke and Development of Ischemic Tolerance. Front Neurosci. 2016;10:538. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00538
Contact the author
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

Contact us
If you have any questions, complaints or suggestions, please use this feedback form.
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.
Submit Application

You can become an author of one of our magazines, send a request and we will consider it in during the day.

Name
Phone
E-mail
Message
Login
Registration
E-mail
Password
Forgot Password?

Log in to the site using your account in one of the services

Password recovery
E-mail
Login
Register

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.