Objective - to comparatively analyze the immediate results of surgical treatment via laparoscopic and laparotomic approaches in patients with Stage I endometrial cancer. Subjects and methods. Laparoscopic hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer was performed in 87 women at the Department of Gynecology, P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute in July 2010 to December 2013. A comparison group comprised 41 patients with the same extent of a tumorous process in whom a similar-volume operation was made through classical laparotomic approach in June 2008 to July 2010. The investigation enrolled patients clinically diagnosed as having Stages IA-C endometrial cancer. Results. The comparative analysis of the two patient groups has shown that video-assisted endoscopic extirpation of the uterus with pelvic lymphadenectomy may be considered to be an adequate alternative to classical open-access operations in patients with Stage I uterine malignancies as it has advantages, such as minimal blood loss, a small number of complications, and rapider patient rehabilitation. Conclusion. The follow-up period after videoscopic surgery is now insufficient (median follow-up is 15 months) to make final conclusions.