Pathophysiologic and genetic aspects of infertility among men of older age

Rogozin D.S.; Mironov V.N.; Sergiyko S.V.; Rogozina A.A.; Ploschanskaya O.G.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/repro20202603176

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Abstract:

Paternal age have a significant impact on the reproductive system. The negative effects of aging on sperm parameters, on the chances of achieving a natural pregnancy, and on the success of ART procedures (assisted reproductive technologies) have shown in many studies. In addition, an increased risk of miscarriage and offspring diseases has been demonstrated. The processes of natural aging, as well as the diseases accumulated with age, disrupt the processes of sperm formation, maturation and functioning. This is based on metabolic disorders of sex hormones, morphological, metabolic and functional pathological changes in testicular tissue, including those associated with the balance of natural antioxidants. Advanced paternal age increases the likelihood of genetic sperm disorders: chromosomal abnormalities, structural damages of chromosomes, de-novo mutations, epigenetic abnormalities, and also it causes an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation index, which is of great clinical importance both for the natural conception and for the results of ART procedures. A deep understanding of the pathophysiology of these processes will allow us to develop a scientifically based approach to the treatment of infertility in this group of men. In this literature review, we present the current state of the issue of pathophysiological, morphological and genetic changes in the reproductive system of older men.

Keywords:

male infertility

aging

advanced paternal age

DNA fragmentation index

Authors:

Rogozin D.S.

South Ural State Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation;
DNK-clinic

Mironov V.N.

South Ural State Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Sergiyko S.V.

South Ural State Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Rogozina A.A.

Chelyabinsk regional pathological bureau

Ploschanskaya O.G.

DNK-clinic

Received:

13.12.2019

Accepted:

10.02.2020

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References:

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