Vascular malformations and vascular tumors (infantile hemangioma) and their local complications are widespread in young children.

OBJECTIVE

Description of the main histopathological differential diagnostic features of infantile hematomas and vascular malformations depending on the type of vessels.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The cross-sectional descriptive study included 110 children with a diagnosis of D 18.0. Hemangioma of any localization and 23 children with a diagnosis of Q27.9. Congenital anomaly of the peripheral vascular system, unspecified

RESULTS

Capillary malformations were located intradermally, in the form of randomly dilated capillaries with signs of hyperplasia. Venous and arteriovenous malformations affected the hypodermis. Dysmorphic veins had a tortuous course, uneven wall thickness, and arteries and veins of arteriovenous malformations had very thick fibrous walls. Infantile hemangioma was located only intradermally or in the subcutaneous fat tissue. Its characteristic signs were a positive reaction to the GLUT1 protein, pronounced endothelium with high mitotic activity (in the proliferation phase) or areas of adipose and connective tissue with a pattern of residual vessels of abnormal caliber (in the involution phase).

CONCLUSION

In the process of differential diagnosis of vascular anomalies and tumors, the structure of the vascular wall, the diameter of the vessels, and immunohistochemical markers are important.