OBJECTIVE
To study the effectiveness of implantation and neovascularization of three-dimensional cellular and tissue-engineered constructs (TC) in the ischemic area of rats’ heart.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Acute myocardial ischemia was simulated in 40 white laboratory rats by irreversible ligation of the left descending coronary artery. It was implanted the fragments of a tissue-engineered biodegradable and cell-engineered constructs to heat ischemic zone by irreversible sutures. TC were prepared in the laboratory of Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology by laser printing. The rat heart stem cells, which were inoculated with TC, were obtained in the Institute of Virology named after D.I. Ivanovsky. After 4, 8, 12 weeks the animals were taken out of the experiment, the results of implantation and vascularization of damage sites were assessed using morphological, immune-histochemical and biochemical methods.
RESULTS
It was shown the sub-endocardial and focal cardiosclerosis accompanied by neoangiogenesis develops at the site of myocardial ischemia covered by TC. According to the data of the histological examination of the studied groups’ hearts, their similar structure and conformity to the norm are noted in the case with the use of predominantly cell-populated TCs. At the TC implantation, the phenomena of endogenous intoxication are not observed, as evidenced by the normal values of blood concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, total protein and albumin, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, cytolysis and cholestasis enzymes. When conducting the immunological tests an activation of the processes of cell proliferation and differentiation is noted at all stages of observation based on a moderate increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines. Both cellular and tissue-engineered TCs do not induce the formation of immune responses.
CONCLUSION
Thus, the study showed the efficacy and safety of the TC use as a method of activating the healing and restoration of lost tissues in ischemic heart damage.
