OBJECTIVE

To improve the efficacy of treatment for inoperable kidney cancer patients through the application of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This study presents the treatment outcomes of 29 patients (51—91 years old) with renal cell carcinoma, comprising 19 males (65%) and 10 females (35%). Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained for all patients. The distribution based on extent was as follows: cT1aN0M0 — 17; cT1bN0M0 — 6; recurrences — 6 patients. 4 patients (13.8%) had cancer affecting a solitary kidney. SBRT was conducted utilizing a CyberKnife accelerator, with the radiation volume defined as GTV=CTV, PTV=CTV+(1—3 mm). Treatment involved daily administration of SBRT with a dose per fraction 11.25 Gy or 15 Gy, up to a total dose of 45 Gy in 4 or 3 fractions, respectively.

RESULTS

After a median follow-up of 25 months post-treatment, tumor size reduction was observed in 10 patients (34.5%), while tumor growth stabilization was seen in 19 patients (65.5%). A decrease in glomerular filtration rate was noted in 17 patients (58.6%), with an average decline of 11.7 mL/min/1.73m². Notably, none of the patients necessitated hemodialysis. There were no instances of tumor progression or recurrence within the radiation fields. The overall adjusted survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 100%.

CONCLUSION

The obtained results of local tumor control and overall survival in the absence of complications indicate that the studied technique of radiotherapy is an effective method of treatment of inoperable renal cancer patients.