Clinical significance of PSA-associated tests in the diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer

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The review presents a historical account of the discovery and current ideas on the serological tumor-associated marker prostate-specific antigen (PSA), its place in oncology: in the use for differential diagnosis and also in screening aimed at active early detection of prostate cancer (PC). It describes the biochemical characteristics of PSA, its functions, as well as the most informative indices (the ratio of PSA to prostate volume (PSA density, PSA-D), PSA velocity (PSA-V), and free/total PSA ratio (%fPSA)). The paper discusses the possibilities of using the precursors of PSA, in particular [-2]proPSA, %[-2]proPSA, as well as %proPSA and prostate health index (PHI) in the clarifying diagnosis of PC and in the differentiation of its indolent forms from aggressive ones. It provides information on PC risk calculators, including PSA tests.

Keywords:

prostate specific antigen (PSA)

[-2]proPSA

%[-2]proPSA

prostate health index (PHI)

prostate cancer

Authors:

Sergeeva N.S.

Russian University of Peoples' Friendship

Skachkova T.E.

N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow

Marshutina N.V.

FGBU "Moskovskiĭ nauchno-issledovatel'skiĭ onkologicheskiĭ institut im. P.A. Gertsena" Minzdravsotsrazvitiia Rossii

Alekseev B.Ia.

FGBU "Moskovskiĭ nauchno-issledovatel'skiĭ onkologicheskiĭ institut im. P.A. Gertsena" Minzdrava Rossii

Kaprin A.D.

FGBU "Moskovskiĭ nauchno-issledovatel'skiĭ onkologicheskiĭ institut im. P.A. Gertsena" Minzdrava Rossii

SPIN RSCI: 1759-8101
Scopus AuthorID: 6602709853
ResearcherID: K-1445-2014
ORCID: 0000-0001-8784-8415

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